通过人工智能在牙科的诊断支持:一个系统的审查.
Alessio Danilo Inchingolo1, Grazia Marinelli1, Arianna Fiore1
1Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70121 Bari, Italy.
Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 27, 2025
概括
人工智能 (AI) 在牙科诊断方面表现有前途,在放射性评估和牙周病检测等领域提高了准确性. 需要进一步的研究来协调方法和验证AI工具跨不同患者群体的更广泛的临床使用.
科学领域:
- 牙科诊断 牙科诊断 牙科诊断
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 医学成像分析 医学成像分析
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI) 在牙科诊断中的整合为提高精度,可重复性和可访问性提供了潜力.
- 人工智能在牙科领域的不断发展需要对其临床性能进行彻底评估.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查牙科中基于AI的诊断工具的临床性能.
- 将AI工具与各种牙科专业的传统诊断方法进行比较.
- 确定人工智能在放射性评估,正牙分类和牙周病检测中的应用.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,Scopus和Web of Science的系统文献搜索 (2015年1月 - 2025年6月).
- 在牙科诊断中包括AI的英语临床研究,遵守PRISMA指南.
- 包括15项研究的质量评估和偏差风险评估.
主要成果:
- 人工智能系统在各种牙科领域展示了有希望的诊断能力.
- 放射性人工智能算法改善了病变检测和地标识别.
- 机器学习模型有效地对缺陷和牙周状况进行了分类;摄影分析显示了老年和预防护理的潜力.
- 方法变化,样本规模小,缺乏外部验证限制了概括性.
- 研究质量中等至高,但有一些偏见.
结论:
- 人工智能作为牙科诊断中的辅助工具显著有前途,特别是在成像和决策支持方面.
- 更广泛的临床采用需要在不同人群中进行方法标准化和严格验证.
- 进一步的多中心试验至关重要,以确认AI牙科诊断工具的有效性和通用性.
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