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乳杆菌衍生微生物相关分子模式 (MAMPs) 在宿主免疫调节中

Salvatore Furnari¹, Ruben Ciantia¹, Adriana Garozzo¹

¹Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.

|November 27, 2025

概括

乳杆菌衍生的微生物相关分子模式 (MAMPs) 可以在没有活细菌的情况下调节免疫反应. 这些非活性的MAMP通过恢复免疫平衡,为炎症性疾病提供治疗潜力.

科学领域:

免疫学免疫学免疫学
微生物学微生物学
后生物学的后生物学.

背景情况:

乳杆菌衍生的微生物相关分子模式 (MAMPs) 越来越多地被认为具有免疫调节作用,独立于细菌活力.
目前正在研究MAMP的机制,包括糖甘 (PGN),脂质醇酸 (LTA) 和外聚糖 (EPS),与像托尔类受体 (TLR) 这样的模式识别受体 (PRR) 相互作用.
这些相互作用启动信号级联,调节细胞因子的产生和炎症.

研究的目的:

在炎症性疾病中审查非活性的乳酸菌衍生MAMPs的治疗相关性.
探索MAMPs作为免疫调节后生物疗法的潜力.
讨论临床实施的挑战和未来方向.

主要方法:

文献综述,重点关注乳杆菌衍生的MAMP及其免疫效应.
分析MAMP与PRR和下游信号通路的相互作用.
在炎症条件下对治疗应用的检查.

主要成果:

乳杆菌MAMP表现出双重免疫调节作用,增强促炎细胞因子 (IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α) 或调节通路 (IL-10,T_regs).
这些效应在非活性的MAMP中保持,使它们成为有前途的后生物候选者.
非活性的MAMP在减少组织损伤,改善肠道屏障功能和缓解炎症疾病中的疾病症状方面表现出好处.

结论:

非活性的MAMP为调节免疫反应和治疗炎症疾病提供了活益生菌的安全替代品.
标准化表征,安全框架和菌株特异性分析对于临床翻译至关重要.
基于MAMP的策略对旨在恢复免疫平衡和宿主微生物相互作用的创新治疗具有重大潜力.

关键词:

收费类受体 (TLR) 是一种类型的受体.主体微生物的相互作用.免疫反应的免疫反应.免疫调节免疫调节免疫调节炎症反应是一种炎症反应.微生物相关的分子模式 (MAMPs)模式识别受体 (PRRs) 是一种

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