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在马拉维的猪和家禽养殖者中使用抗菌剂和肥管理

Amon Abraham¹, Andrew G Mtewa², Chimwemwe Chiutula¹

¹Department of Energy Resources, Ndata School of Climate and Earth Sciences, Malawi University of Science and Technology, Limbe P.O. Box 5196, Malawi.

Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)

|November 27, 2025

概括

马拉维的农民在牲畜中滥用抗生素,导致抗菌素耐药性 (AMR). 知识上的差距和不安全的做法,如不当的处置和早期的产品消费,需要有针对性的教育和监管,以打击AMR风险.

科学领域:

兽医公共卫生兽医公共卫生
一个健康,一个健康.
抗微生物药物管理委员会

背景情况:

抗菌素耐药性 (AMR) 是一个重大的全球健康威胁.
在畜牧业中滥用抗生素是AMR的主要驱动因素.
了解农民的知识,态度和做法 (KAP) 对于马拉维的有效干预至关重要.

研究的目的:

评估KAP关于在马拉维布兰泰尔的猪和家禽养殖者中使用抗菌剂 (AMU) 和便管理.
确定导致AMU不适当的因素和可能加剧AMR的做法.
为促进抗微生物药物管理提供有针对性的干预信息.

主要方法:

这是一项涉及118名随机选择的小规模猪和家禽养殖者进行的横截面研究.
结构化调查问卷评估了AMU模式,抗生素来源,戒备期的遵守,处置做法和AMR意识.
使用描述性统计和推断测试分析的数据 (p < 0.05).

主要成果:

88%的农民报告使用抗生素,通常用于病毒性疾病和超出推做法.
常见的抗生素包括氧环素,青素和三甲-硫甲醇,主要来自农业动物商店.
发现了重要的知识与实践差距:缺乏培训 (68.6%),不了解法规 (55.9%) 和不遵守戒备期 (42%).
不安全地处置过期的抗生素 (80.5%) 和包装 (92.4%) 是普遍存在的.
高等教育和先前培训与更好的知识相关.

结论:

农民的实质性知识与实践差距和高风险行为有助于AMR.
对病毒性疾病的滥用和不安全的处置做法带来了显著的AMR风险.
干预措施应侧重于农民教育,加强兽医服务和监管农牧商店,以符合马拉维国家抗菌耐药性行动计划.

关键词:

马拉维马拉维马拉维马拉维抗微生物耐药性抗微生物耐药性他们的态度和态度.知识的知识知识的知识.一个健康的健康.猪养殖者养猪者养猪者这些家禽养殖者是家禽养殖者.实践实践实践实践实践

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