执行功能障碍的双击模型:模拟的银河系宇宙辐射奖励睡眠碎片化揭示的潜在缺陷
Richard A Britten1,2,3, Ella N Tamgue1, Paola Arriaga Alvarado1
1Department of Radiation Oncology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Macon and Joan Brock Virginia Health Sciences at Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA.
Life (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 27, 2025
概括
太空辐射和睡眠障碍损害了宇航员的认知能力. 联合暴露会产生潜在的认知缺陷,增加火星任务的风险.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 空间生物学 空间生物学
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 未来的火星任务对宇航员的认知功能构成风险,原因是长时间的太空辐射 (SR) 和睡眠障碍 (SF).
- 已知SR和SF对认知的独立影响,但它们的联合影响尚不清楚.
- 像决策和执行功能这样的认知功能对于任务成功和宇航员自主性至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查太空辐射模拟和睡眠碎片化对动物模型认知表现的综合影响.
- 为了确定SR是否在随后接触SF时为认知缺陷预备大脑.
- 为了确定潜在的机制背后的认知漏洞在太空飞行.
主要方法:
- 雄性大鼠被暴露在银河系宇宙射线模拟 (GCRsim),睡眠碎片化 (SF) 或两者之间.
- 用关联识别记忆和干扰 (ARMIT) 任务来评估认知表现.
- 在良好的休息条件下以及在单个夜晚的SF后,分析了性能.
主要成果:
- 仅GCRsim暴露就导致认知灵活性的缺陷,特别是当强化意外情况发生转移时.
- 暴露于GCRsim和SF的老鼠在SF后表现出潜在的缺陷,在需要注意力控制和决策更新的任务中表现不佳.
- 这些缺陷表现为持久性错误,表明适应不断变化的反的能力受损.
结论:
- 太空辐射可能会激发神经网络,使它们易于在随后的睡眠中断下崩,支持"双击"模型.
- 宇航员可能会表现出持续的或由压力引起的认知缺陷,这两者都对任务成功构成威胁.
- 了解这些漏洞对于开发长期太空飞行有效的对策至关重要.
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