患者为中心的心脏手术:心理社会挑战,基于证据的干预措施和未来的视野
Vasileios Leivaditis1, Anastasios Sepetis2, Francesk Mulita3
1Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Westpfalz Klinikum, 67655 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 27, 2025
概括
在心脏手术患者中,解决焦虑和抑郁等心理社会因素至关重要. 以患者为中心的护理可以改善康复,减少并发症,提高整体幸福感.
科学领域:
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 心理社会因素 (焦虑,抑郁,社会支持) 显著影响心脏手术的结果.
- 术前焦虑影响高达32%的患者,抑郁症影响近20%的患者,与恢复不良和较高的死亡率有关.
- 这些因素是心脏手术后患者康复和生存的关键决定因素.
研究的目的:
- 审查心脏外科手术中心理社会方面的证据.
- 评估以患者为中心的护理策略,以应对这些挑战.
- 综合当前关于心脏手术患者心理和社会支持的研究.
主要方法:
- 对从2009年1月到2024年6月的研究进行了叙事文献审查.
- 搜索了PubMed,Scopus和ScienceDirect,使用关键词如"心理因素"",心脏手术"",以患者为中心的护理"和"远程医疗".
- 包括随机对照试验,队列研究,定性研究和系统审查,分析了76项符合条件的研究.
主要成果:
- 主要主题:手术前心理准备,焦虑/抑郁管理,生活质量促进,沟通和综合心理社会支持.
- 心理社会干预措施减少了高达33%的疼痛,缩短了住院时间,改善了治疗坚持.
- 远程医疗和数字平台是扩大获得心理护理的新兴工具.
结论:
- 整合心理社会护理对于整体心脏手术结果至关重要.
- 以患者为中心的模型增强了生存,康复,福祉和满意度.
- 心脏手术的成功应包括临床结果和患者的整体人类经验.
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