酸提取对土壤中金属的化学和生物可用形式的影响
Krzysztof Barbusiński1, Beata Karwowska2, Ewa Neczaj2
1Department of Water and Wastewater Engineering, Faculty of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego St. 18A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 27, 2025
概括
酸 (CA) 有效地从受污染的土壤中去除和等重金属,减少它们对环境的威胁. 这种提取过程显著降低了金属度,并将其转移到不太流动的形式.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 土壤化学 土壤化学
- 整治技术 整治技术
背景情况:
- 土壤中的重金属通过食物链污染构成风险.
- 工业土壤通常含有高度的有毒金属,如 (Pb), (Zn),铜 (Cu), (Cd) 和 (Ni).
- 了解金属物种化和生物可用性对于评估环境影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估1M酸 (CA) 在从污染的土壤中提取重金属的有效性.
- 评估CA提取对Pb,Zn,Cu,Cd和Ni的化学形式和生物可用性的影响.
- 为了确定总,移动和生物可用重金属含量在开采后的减少.
主要方法:
- 从一个工业区收集的土壤样本.
- 序列提取 (BCR程序) 用于确定金属的化学形式.
- 使用1M HCl的一步提取以确定生物可用的金属分量.
- 使用1MCA提取前后分析总重金属含量.
主要成果:
- 土壤最初含有高水平的Pb (2141毫克/公斤) 和Cd (63毫克/公斤),超过了工业界限.
- 酸提取显著降低了总金属度,Zn (71%的效率) 和Pb (60%的效率) 显示了最大的减少.
- 提取降低了可移动和可生物利用分量的金属含量,有利于更稳定的形式,并导致可移动和可生物利用分量的均等化趋势.
结论:
- 1M酸是从污染的工业土壤中去除重金属的有效剂.
- 碳酸提取减少了整体重金属负担,并降低了移动和生物可利用形式的金属的比例.
- 该研究表明,重金属污染土壤的可行整治战略,减轻对食物链和环境的风险.
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