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在西尼罗河病毒在西班牙南部最大的爆发期间,快速响应的载体监测和紧急控制

Mikel Alexander González^1,2,3, Carlos Barceló⁴, Roberto Muriel⁵

¹Departamento de Entomología y Sanidad Ambiental, Athisa Medio Ambiente (Grupo SASTI), C/Herrería-4, 41210 Sevilla, Spain.

|November 27, 2025

概括

西班牙西班牙西班牙西班牙西班牙

科学领域:

关节动物传播的病毒性疾病
医学昆虫学医学昆虫学
公共卫生昆虫学昆虫学

背景情况:

西尼罗病毒 (WNV) 在欧洲构成日益严重的威胁,自2004年以来,西班牙的病例不断增加.
西班牙2024年的疫情是最大的,集中在西南部的城市地区.
这项研究针对了2024年爆发期间在六个关键市镇的WNV控制.

研究的目的:

描述西班牙一个主要的WNV热点地区的幼虫蚊子种群.
评估综合载体管理计划的有效性.
为未来的WNV预防和控制策略提供信息.

主要方法:

检查了725个潜在的幼虫地点,并采集了4457只未成熟的蚊子,使用技术.
通过吸入陷收集了2553只成年蚊子,确定了11个物种.
对COI基因进行了植物遗传学分析,用于蚊子物种识别.
使用Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti) 进行杀和使用cypermethrin进行成年杀虫.
利用通用线性混合模型来分析不同息地的幼虫数量.

主要成果:

在18.6%的检查地点发现未成熟的蚊子,特别是灌运河和沟.
科莱克斯皮皮恩斯 (Culex pipiens s.l.l.) 是一个有趣的植物. 是主要的物种;Cx. 的数量较少,但在流行病学上具有重要意义.
针对性Bti杀导致5次治疗后幼虫数量减少63.9%.
成年蚊子活动延长到秋季末,需要长时间的控制措施.

结论:

综合载体管理,包括有针对性的幼虫杀死和成年杀死,显著减少了蚊子种群.
有效的WNV控制需要快速,协调的干预以及扩展的季节性监测和治疗.
了解幼虫息地和蚊子物种动态对于防止西班牙未来出现WNV疫情至关重要.

关键词:

细菌 thuringiensis 这种疾病.这种形形形的形形 (Culex perexiguus).皮皮恩斯 (Culex pipiens) 是一个有趣的植物.成人对照组是成年人对照组.集成的载体管理集成的载体管理控制幼虫的控制方式蚊子幼虫息地蚊子幼虫息地公共卫生响应公共卫生响应

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