在血液透析和脏移植人群中显著的肠道微生物群特征
Luminita Voroneanu1,2, Andreea Covic1,2, Stefan Iliescu1
1Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Grigore T Popa", 700115 Iasi, Romania.
Journal of clinical medicine
|November 27, 2025
概括
在血液透析 (HD) 和移植接受者 (KTR) 中,肠道功能障碍持续存在,具有明显的微生物特征. 移植部分恢复有益细菌,但免疫抑制和饮食影响肠道生态,突出微生物群.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學專業.
背景情况:
- 肠道微生物群对宿主健康至关重要,影响新陈代谢,免疫力和肠道屏障功能.
- 慢性病 (CKD) 和移植 (KTR) 与肠道失调有关.
- 在肠道微生物群方面,血液透析 (HD),KTR和健康对照 (HC) 之间存在有限的直接比较,特别是考虑到饮食.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较HD患者,KTR患者和健康对照 (HC) 的肠道微生物组成和多样性.
- 识别与HD和KTR相关的独特微生物特征.
- 研究饮食因素对这些群体肠道微生物群的影响.
主要方法:
- 与48名HD患者,75名KTR患者和13名HC患者进行的横截面研究.
- 16S rRNA amplicon测序便样本以分析微生物组成.
- 微生物组数据与临床状态,实验室参数和饮食摄入量的整合.
主要成果:
- 在所有群体中,Firmicutes和Bacteroidota都占主导地位.
- 患有HD的患者在Akkermansia*中表现出丰富性,而KTR患者在SCFA产生的属 (*Faecalibacterium,Roseburia*) 中的丰富性更高.
- 针对HD (*Akkermansia*, *Clostridia*) 和KTR (*Acidaminococcus, Megasphaera*) 确定了不同的微生物种群. HD患者的α多样性高于KTR患者 (p < 0.05). 饮食解释了微生物微小的差异.
结论:
- 无论是HD还是KTR患者都表现出持久的肠道失调,具有独特的微生物特征.
- 移植部分恢复SCFA生产者,但免疫抑制和饮食诱导进一步的微生物变化.
- 肠道微生物群在置换疗法中具有作为生物标志物和治疗标的潜力.
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