使用监督机器学习模型的扩散大B细胞淋巴瘤的死亡率预测 - 一项回顾性研究
Cosmin-Daniel Minciuna1, Dorina Minciuna2, Angela-Smaranda Dascalescu1
1Department of Hematology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania.
Journal of clinical medicine
|November 27, 2025
概括
与传统方法相比,机器学习模型,特别是随机森林模型,在扩散性大B细胞淋巴瘤 (DLBCL) 患者中显示出比传统方法更好的死亡预测. 这有助于为个性化治疗策略提供更好的风险分层.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 生物统计学 生物统计学
- 计算生物学 计算生物学
背景情况:
- 扩散性大B细胞淋巴瘤 (DLBCL) 是一种异构的癌症,患者的结果不可预测.
- 准确的预后模型对于定制治疗和后续计划至关重要.
- 预测患者在诊断时的存活率对于有效的临床管理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估各种机器学习 (ML) 模型对DLBCL患者26个月死亡率的预测性能.
- 将ML模型的疗效与传统的Cox比例危险模型进行比较.
- 在DLBCL中确定最佳的风险分层建模方法.
主要方法:
- 在2015-2023年期间诊断和治疗的412名DLBCL患者的回顾性分析.
- 利用基线临床和准临床数据进行模型培训和测试.
- 将6个ML模型 (逻辑回归,RF,SVM-RBF,MLP,RSF,XGBoost) 与Cox模型进行比较.
主要成果:
- 随机森林 (RF) 证明了最高的预测精度 (AUC=0.9060,精度=0.833,F1=0.902).
- XGBoost和MLP也表现出强的表现,表现优于考克斯模型 (AUC=0.5561).
- 射频和物流回归表现出最好的模型校准.
结论:
- 机器学习框架,特别是射频,在DLBCL结果预测方面明显优于经典的统计模型.
- 这些ML模型为提高DLBCL患者的风险评估提供了有希望的工具.
- 这些发现支持在临床瘤学中集成先进的计算方法.
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