阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停和心血管风险之间的关联:对前性队列研究的系统审查和元分析
Maria-Laura Craciun1, Adina-Cristiana Avram2, Florina Buleu3
1Cardiology Department, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)
|November 27, 2025
概括
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停 (OSA) 显著增加心血管风险,严重程度与更高风险相关. 使用持续正气道压力 (CPAP) 的有效治疗可以减轻这种危险.
科学领域:
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 睡眠医学 睡眠医学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停 (OSA) 是一种常见的疾病,与心血管疾病 (CVD) 风险增加有关.
- 了解OSA严重程度和心血管疾病发病率之间的确切关系对于患者管理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和元分析前性队列研究,评估OSA和心血管事件结果之间的关联.
- 评估OSA严重程度和持续正气道压力 (CPAP) 对心血管风险的影响.
主要方法:
- 一个符合PRISMA的系统审查和对前性队列研究的元分析.
- 包括18项研究,涉及超过25,000名参与者,平均随访时间为9年.
- 进行了剂量反应和子组分析,以评估OSA严重程度和CPAP坚持效应.
主要成果:
- OSA与发生心血管结果的风险增加有显著的关联 (汇总HR1.82).
- 观察到一种剂量反应关系,严重的OSA具有最高的风险 (HR 2.45).
- 充分的CPAP坚持 (≥4小时/晚) 与心血管风险降低有关 (HR 0.76).
结论:
- 喘会带来心血管风险,这取决于其严重程度.
- 通过持续正气道压力 (CPAP) 和良好的坚持有效管理可以显著降低心血管疾病和死亡率.
- 建议对OSA进行系统查,并支持CPAP的坚持,以降低心血管疾病负担.
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