有机和无机输入塑造小麦的生产力和土壤的生物可用性:从长期实地试验的微生物和酶的视角
Zhiyi Zhang1,2,3, Yafen Gan1,4, Fulin Zhang1,2,3
1Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Fertilizer, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China.
Microorganisms
|November 27, 2025
概括
长期的吸管回收 (有机) 通过微生物和酶活性增强土壤生物可用,显著提高作物产量,超过单独的无机肥. 这促进了可持续的农业实践.
科学领域:
- 土壤科学 土壤科学
- 农业学是一种农业学.
- 微生物学 微生物学
背景情况:
- 生物可用的 (P) 对作物生产率至关重要,但无机P肥可以导致土壤P积累和效率降低.
- 有机P来源,如草,可以通过刺激微生物活动来提高P的可用性,但对有机和无机P管理的系统研究是有限的.
- 了解有机/无机P,微生物群落和酶活动之间的相互作用对于优化土壤P动态和作物产量至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估有机 (草返回) 和无机P受精对土壤P分数,酶活动和微生物群落在米小麦旋转系统中的长期影响.
- 研究不同施肥策略调节土壤生物可用性P的机制,并影响作物产量.
- 为可持续化肥实践提供理论基础,以提高使用效率和作物生产率.
主要方法:
- 进行了一项为期16年的实地实验,使用了五种受精治疗方法 (CK,OPT,OPTN,OPTP,OPTM).
- 分析了土壤样本的P分数,细胞外酶活性 (β-1,4-葡萄糖酶,β-D-细胞生物酶,β-1,4-N-乙葡萄糖胺酶) 和微生物群落组成.
- 包括曼特尔测试,随机森林和部分最小平方路径建模 (PLS-PM) 在内的统计分析被用来确定变量之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 与没有施肥相比,所有施肥处理都增加了土壤Citrate-P和HCl-P,并增强了酶活动 (BG,CBH,NAG).
- 与草返回 (OPTM) 治疗的优化施肥产生了最高的作物生产率,与优化施肥 (OPT) 相比,P酶,Citrate-P,HCl-P和酶活性显著增加.
- OPTM还显示了微生物多样性和网络复杂性的改善;PLS-PM表明无机P主要改变了P动态和酶,而有机P () 使用微生物群落作为提高产量的关键媒介.
结论:
- 长期回归的草作为有机P来源,与无机P施肥相互作用,显著改善土壤生物可用性P和作物产量.
- 微生物群落和细胞外酶活动在不同施肥策略下,在调节土壤P生物可用性和作物生产率方面发挥着关键的调解作用.
- 将有机P输入与优化的无机P肥料相结合,提供了一种可持续的方法来提高利用效率,并确保大米-小麦系统的高作物产量.
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