基于神经网络的模型预测轨迹跟踪控制,用于双引擎驱动的追踪无人驾驶汽车
Li Zhai1, Ye Yao1, Jianghaoyu Yan2
1National Engineering Research Center for Electric Vehicle, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 27, 2025
概括
一个新的基于神经网络的模型预测控制 (NN-MPC) 改进了双引擎驱动的跟踪无人驾驶汽车 (TUV) 的轨迹跟踪. 这种数据驱动的方法通过预测车辆动态来提高准确性,在模拟和实地测试中表现优于传统方法.
科学领域:
- 机器人技术 机器人技术 机器人技术
- 控制系统工程 控制系统工程
- 人工智能的人工智能
背景情况:
- 轨迹跟踪对于无人驾驶车辆导航至关重要.
- 现有的控制模型显著影响车辆性能.
- 双引擎驱动的轨道无人驾驶车辆 (TUV) 由于合动力学而存在独特的控制挑战.
研究的目的:
- 为了提高双引擎驱动的TUV的轨迹跟踪精度.
- 开发一个数据驱动的模型预测控制 (MPC) 方案.
- 调查神经网络在MPC中用于TUV的应用.
主要方法:
- 开发了一个长短期内存 (LSTM) 网络用于TUV动态建模.
- 在LSTM模型培训和验证中利用多体动力学.
- 设计了一个基于神经网络的MPC (NN-MPC) 使用LSTM模型在一个回退的地平线框架内.
- 计算出最佳的电机扭矩用于轨迹跟踪.
主要成果:
- 与基于物理模型的MPC相比,拟议的NN-MPC证明了优越的轨迹跟踪.
- 在中速时,侧向误差减少了12.1%,方向误差减少了7.9%.
- 降低了80%的RMS横向误差和14.0%的高速方向误差.
- 实地实验证实了NN-MPC计划的实际可行性.
结论:
- 数据驱动的NN-MPC方法显著提高了 TUV 的轨迹跟踪精度.
- 对于预测性控制,LSTM网络有效地模拟复杂的TUV动态.
- 提出的方法为TUV控制提供了可行和有效的解决方案,性能优于传统策略.
相关概念视频
Open and closed-loop control systems
1.5K
Control systems are foundational elements in automation and engineering. They are broadly categorized into open-loop and closed-loop systems. These classifications hinge on the presence or absence of feedback mechanisms, significantly influencing the system's performance, complexity, and application.
An open-loop control system operates without feedback from the output. It consists of two primary elements: the controller and the controlled process. The controller receives an input signal...
An open-loop control system operates without feedback from the output. It consists of two primary elements: the controller and the controlled process. The controller receives an input signal...
1.5K
Hierarchy of Motor Control
5.9K
The hierarchy of motor control refers to the different levels of organization and processing involved in controlling movement in the body. These levels range from higher cortical areas involved in planning and decision-making to lower spinal cord reflexes that respond automatically to external stimuli.
5.9K
PID Controller
631
Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controllers are widely used in various control systems to enhance stability and performance. In a thermostat, it adjusts heating or cooling based on the temperature difference between the actual and desired levels. They are often used in automotive speed systems, effectively managing sudden speed changes while maintaining a constant speed under varying conditions. On the other hand, PI controllers, commonly employed in voltage regulation, enhance stability...
631
One-Degree-of-Freedom System
785
In mechanical engineering, one-degree-of-freedom systems form the basis of a wide range of electrical and mechanical components. Using these models, engineers can predict the behavior of various parts in a larger system, which gives them insight into how different forces interact with each other.
A one-degree-of-freedom system is defined by an independent variable that determines its state and behavior. One example of a one-degree-of-freedom system is a simple harmonic oscillator, such as a...
A one-degree-of-freedom system is defined by an independent variable that determines its state and behavior. One example of a one-degree-of-freedom system is a simple harmonic oscillator, such as a...
785
Motor Units
61.7K
A motor unit consists of two main components: a single efferent motor neuron (i.e., a neuron that carries impulses away from the central nervous system) and all of the muscle fibers it innervates. The motor neuron may innervate multiple muscle fibers, which are single cells, but only one motor neuron innervates a single muscle fiber.
61.7K
Motor Units
7.4K
The motor unit is a fundamental component of the neuromuscular system and plays a crucial role in coordinating muscle contractions. It consists of a somatic motor neuron, which connects and controls multiple skeletal muscle fibers, forming a single functional segment. The axon of the motor neuron branches out and establishes synaptic connections known as neuromuscular junctions with individual muscle fibers within the motor unit.
Motor units come in different sizes, with smaller units...
Motor units come in different sizes, with smaller units...
7.4K

