哈萨克斯坦的动物狂犬病:稳定的流行,监测陷和优先行动
Sarsenbay K Abdrakhmanov1, Asem Zh Abenova1, Aizada A Mukhanbetkaliyeva1
1Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary, S. Seifullin Kazakh Agro Technical Research University, Astana 010011, Kazakhstan.
Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 27, 2025
概括
哈萨克斯坦迫切需要对狂犬病进行控制,重点是野生犬和狗. 关键优先事项包括加强监测,口服狐疫苗接种,以及改善犬疫苗接种策略,以促进公共卫生.
科学领域:
- 兽医流行病学 兽医流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 野生动物疾病生态学 野生动物疾病生态学
背景情况:
- 狂犬病在哈萨克斯坦是流行病,野生犬类动物如狐和狗作为主要水库.
- 在该国内保持着明显的野性和城市狂犬病周期.
- 现有知识,态度和实践 (KAP) 数据和国家法规为控制策略提供信息.
研究的目的:
- 概述哈萨克斯坦狂犬病控制的三个高回报优先事项.
- 将流行病学模式,监管框架和人口 KAP 整合到可行的战略中.
- 将国家狂犬病控制工作与国际标准和路线图相协调.
主要方法:
- 流行病学模式和国家监管框架的分析 (序号) 7-1/587). 在这个问题上.
- 评估人口对狂犬病的知识,态度和做法 (KAP).
- 利用现有的国家资产,如风险地图和实验室能力 (dFAT,RT-PCR,测序).
主要成果:
- 确定了三个主要优先事项: (a) 一个健康实时监测GIS, (b) 两年一次的口服狂犬病疫苗接种 (ORV) 对于质量保证的狐,以及 (c) 城市狗狂犬病控制以促进疫苗接种并减少暴露后预防 (PEP) 的延迟.
- 拟议的战略与WOAH陆地法典和"到30年实现零"路线图相一致.
- 哈萨克斯坦可预测的狂犬病模式允许有针对性的地区级干预和可衡量的风险降低.
结论:
- 为了在哈萨克斯坦有效控制狂犬病,必须紧急实施三个确定的优先事项.
- 标准化报告和严格的质量保证计划对于成功至关重要.
- 一个健康的方法,结合有针对性的疫苗接种和监测,可以显著降低狂犬病风险.
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