血流感染中的ESKAPE病原体的抵抗景观和克隆动力学:来自墨西哥的多中心研究
María Dolores Alcántar-Curiel1, Rayo Morfín-Otero2,3, Ma Dolores Jarillo-Quijada1
1Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico.
Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 27, 2025
概括
医疗保健相关感染中的抗菌素耐药性仍然是一个全球性威胁. 这项研究发现,在COVID-19大流行期间,墨西哥医院的多药耐药ESKAPE病原体的高发病率,需要改善感染控制.
科学领域:
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 全球健康 全球健康
背景情况:
- 医疗相关感染中的抗菌素耐药性 (AMR) 是一个主要的全球健康问题.
- 由于COVID-19大流行可能会通过破坏感染控制和抗微生物药物管理来加剧AMR.
- 逃生病原体是HAI的主要原因,并对AMR作出重大贡献.
研究的目的:
- 调查在COVID-19流行病的第二年期间,在墨西哥医院引起血流感染的ESKAPE病原体的流行率,抗微生物耐药性和克隆传播.
- 在这些病原体中识别特定的耐药机制和循环克隆.
主要方法:
- 分析墨西哥四家三级医院血液感染的926种细菌分离物.
- 识别ESKAPE病原体和抗菌素敏感性测试.
- 检测耐药基因 (β-乳酸酶,卡巴酶) 和分子类型 (脉冲场凝电泳).
主要成果:
- 观察到多重耐药性 (MDR) 和广泛耐药性 (XDR) 的高率,特别是在Acinetobacter baumannii和Klebsiella pneumoniae中.
- 特定的耐药基因如blaSHV,blaCTX-M,blaTEM,blaOXA,blaNDM和blaVIM被确定.
- 检测到Acinetobacter baumannii克隆的特有循环和Staphylococcus aureus和Klebsiella pneumoniae克隆的医院间传播.
结论:
- 该研究强调了在COVID-19大流行期间,MDR ESKAPE病原体在墨西哥医院的显著流行病学负担.
- 迫切需要优化的实证抗菌疗法和持续的基因组监测,以改善感染控制.
- 这些发现强调了抗药性耐药性的持续威胁以及强有力的感染预防策略的重要性.
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