维生素B12缺乏,高血糖血和糖尿病是墨西哥妇女心血管风险的代谢决定因素
Maria D Ramirez-Villalobos1, Eric Monterrubio-Flores2, Manlio Marquez-Murillo3
1Center for Health Systems Research, National Institute of Public Health, Mexico City C.P. 62100, Mexico.
Nutrients
|November 27, 2025
概括
维生素B12缺乏症在墨西哥妇女中很常见,增加了心血管疾病的风险. 国家维生素B12补充策略是一种具有成本效益的公共卫生干预措施,以预防心脏病.
科学领域:
- 营养流行病学 营养流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 预防心血管疾病 预防心血管疾病
背景情况:
- 维生素B12缺乏,高血糖血症和糖尿病是显著的心血管风险因素,特别是在女性中.
- 早期检测和干预提供了一个公共卫生机会,可以减少疾病负担并促进健康公平.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定维生素B12缺乏,高血糖血症和糖尿病在墨西哥成年女性的流行.
- 评估解决这些疾病对降低心血管疾病 (CVD) 风险的影响.
主要方法:
- 分析了来自2022-2023年国家健康和营养调查 (ENSANUT) 的1197名墨西哥妇女 (20-49岁) 的数据.
- 测量血清维生素B12,叶酸和同型半氨酸水平.
- 使用Framingham和Globorisk模型估计10年心血管疾病风险;评估可归因于人口的分数和维生素B12补充的成本效益分析.
主要成果:
- 在全国范围内,37.2%的女性表现出维生素B12缺乏,在墨西哥南部的比例更高 (52.4%).
- 在12.3%的女性中发现了高水平的同型半氨酸.
- 估计可以预防1万至14000例心血管疾病病例;效益成本比超过1,表明经济可行性.
结论:
- 在墨西哥妇女中,维生素B12缺乏和高血糖血症非常普遍,与心血管风险增加相关,特别是在40-49岁的人群中.
- 全国维生素B12补充计划是一种经济有效的预防措施,效益成本比为1.93至2.98.
- 针对性的营养干预措施,如维生素B12补充剂,可以显著降低女性的心血管疾病负担.
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