肌肉缩的营养补充剂:机制和形态学专注的证据
Andreea Maria Mănescu1, Simona Ștefania Hangu1, Dan Cristian Mănescu1
1Faculty of AgriFood and Environmental Economics, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, 010374 Bucharest, Romania.
Nutrients
|November 27, 2025
概括
蛋白质和必需氨基酸是抵抗训练中肌肉生长的基础. 肌酸增强肌肉大小,而其他补充剂提供条件或支持性益处.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学
- 营养生物化学 营养生物化学
- 运动医学 运动医学
背景情况:
- 营养补充剂在抵抗训练中很常见,但肌肉缩的评估通常是间接的.
- 需要直接测量肌肉生长 (超声波/MRI),以澄清补充剂的疗效.
- 机理性可信性是理解补充剂对肌肉适应作用的关键.
研究的目的:
- 审查对营养补充剂影响肌肉缩的直接证据.
- 建立基于疗效的抗力训练中补充剂使用的分层模型.
- 确定当前研究的局限性,并建议未来的方向.
主要方法:
- 使用形态直接结果 (超声波/MRI) 的46项试验的叙述性综述.
- 对蛋白质,必需氨基酸 (EAA),肌酸,HMB和辅助补充剂的分析.
- 专注于剂量-反应关系和干预时间.
主要成果:
- 蛋白质/EAA在1.6g·kg-1·天-1以下有效,在2.0g·kg-1·天-1左右停滞.
- 肌酸单水化合物 (3-5g·day-1) 在干预 ≥8-12周时增加了肌肉大小.
- HMB主要在高压力或热量不足的情况下显示出好处;补充剂促进了恢复/耐受性.
结论:
- 一个分层的模型:蛋白质/EAA (基础),肌酸 (放大器),HMB (条件),附加剂 (促进剂).
- 标准化的成像协议和强大的试验设计对于未来的研究至关重要.
- 补充剂的有效性取决于剂量和肌肉缩的特定环境.
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