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慢性病进展,长期护理负担和习惯性体力活动:日本的一项观察性研究
Yuki Ohashi1,2, Akitaka Sugishita3, Haruka Kurokawa1,4
1Public Health Informatics Unit, Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
BMJ public health
|November 27, 2025
概括
习惯性体力活动与慢性病 (CKD) 的老年人长期护理需求的风险较低有关. 保持体力活动可以减少CKD的负担,并延长健康的预期寿命.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學專業.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 全球有超过8亿人患有慢性病 (CKD),这给医疗保健和经济带来了巨大的负担.
- 习惯性体力活动对缓解功能障碍和延长CKD患者健康寿命的潜在益处仍然不完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 调查习惯性体力活动对CKD与长期护理护理认证需求之间的关联的影响.
- 分析不同程度的CKD风险如何影响需要长期护理的可能性,考虑到身体活动水平.
主要方法:
- 一项观察性队列研究,涉及8428名64岁以上的参与者,没有先前的长期护理认证.
- 根据病改善全球结果的标准,参与者被分为CKD风险组 (没有CKD,中等风险,高风险,非常高风险),通过问卷评估习惯性体力活动.
- 估计了长期护理认证的危险比率 (HR),比较了不同的CKD风险组和体力活动水平,与没有CKD和习惯性体力活动的参考组进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 在从事习惯性体力活动的个人中,非常高风险的CKD与需要长期护理的功能障碍的风险增加显著相关 (HR 1.64).
- 对于那些不习惯性体力活动的参与者来说,与参考组相比,在所有CKD风险类别中,功能障碍的风险增加了.
- 具体来说,非习惯性体力活动显示,在没有CKD (1.35),中等风险 (1.30),高风险 (1.51) 和非常高风险 (2.30) 组中,长期护理认证的HR显著增加.
结论:
- 经证实,CKD的进展与患有需要长期护理的功能障碍的风险增加有关.
- 习惯性体力活动成为可能延长CKD患者健康寿命的关键因素.
- 促进体育活动可能是减轻与CKD相关的福利负担的策略.
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