与稀缺相关的线索是否会对穷人和富人的持续注意力表现产生不同的影响?
Peter Szecsi1,2, Miklos Bognar1,2, Barnabas Szaszi2,3
1Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
Royal Society open science
|November 27, 2025
概括
金融短缺的线索对社会经济群体的认知表现没有不同的影响. 这项研究没有发现任何证据表明,贫困或丰富的话语对贫困与富裕个体的持续注意力有不同的影响.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 行为经济学是一种行为经济学.
背景情况:
- 在日常生活中,金融短缺的线索普遍存在,影响心理状态.
- 以前的研究表明,稀缺因素是否会根据社会经济地位不成比例地影响认知表现,结果各不相同.
研究的目的:
- 研究不同财务状况的个体之间与稀缺性相关的线索对持续的注意力表现的差异影响.
- 用一个大而多样化的研究样本,敏感地评估短暂的注意力缺失的影响.
主要方法:
- 通过使用有针对性的策略来招募大量研究样本 (N = 4280),以确保教育和财务状况的多样性.
- 参与者接触到与绝对稀缺 (贫困) 和相对稀缺 (丰富) 相关的词语作为线索.
- 测量了持续的注意力表现,以灵敏地检测注意力缺失的影响.
主要成果:
- 强有力的证据被发现,反对稀缺性线索对贫困和富裕参与者之间持续的注意力表现的差异性影响.
- 接触与稀缺相关的词汇会促进稀缺思想,但不会引起财务担忧.
- 在各种分析选择和社会经济指标中,调查结果保持稳健.
结论:
- 在线环境中接触与稀缺相关的单词不会在各个社会经济群体中对持续的注意力表现产生差异性的影响.
- 差异性影响的缺乏可能归因于促使人们思考稀缺性而不是财务担忧的线索.
- 结果表明,在某些情况下,稀缺性理论的概括性存在重要的局限性.
更多相关视频
13:00Measuring Attention and Visual Processing Speed by Model-based Analysis of Temporal-order Judgments
Published on: January 23, 2017
10.3K
07:12Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss
Published on: April 11, 2025
841
相关概念视频
01:30Impact of Schemas
183
Schemas are cognitive structures that provide a framework for interpreting and organizing social information. They help individuals navigate complex environments by offering expectations about people, events, and behaviors. Schemas influence attention, encoding, and retrieval processes, thereby shaping the entire trajectory of information processing in social contexts.Attention and Cognitive LoadDuring initial attention, schemas function as filters that prioritize schema-consistent information,...
183
01:08The Availability Heuristic
6.9K
A heuristic is a general problem-solving framework (Tversky & Kahneman, 1974). You can think of these as mental shortcuts that are used to solve problems. Different types of heuristics are used in different types of situations, and the impulse to use a heuristic occurs when one of five conditions is met (Pratkanis, 1989):
6.9K
01:25Self-Regulation
199
Self-regulation, also known as self-control, encompasses a range of cognitive and behavioral processes that allow individuals to adjust their internal states and outward actions to align with socially acceptable norms and long-term goals. It plays a fundamental role in adaptive functioning, from resisting impulsive behaviors to persisting through challenging tasks. While its benefits are widely recognized, self-regulation is not limitless. Muraven and Baumeister's theory posits that...
199
02:45Self-Discrepancy Theory
18.9K
One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.
18.9K
01:29Theory of Attribution II: Kelley's Covariation Theory
465
Attribution theory plays a crucial role in social psychology, helping to explain how individuals interpret the causes of behavior. One prominent model within this field is Harold Kelley's covariation theory, which provides a systematic approach to determining whether internal traits or external circumstances drive a person's actions. The model posits that individuals rely on three key types of information—consensus, consistency, and distinctiveness—to make these judgments.Consensus:...
465