基于机器学习算法的抗结核药物诱导肝损伤风险预测模型的构建和验证
Jingru Cheng1, Ruina Chen1, Hongqiu Pan2
1Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Journal of clinical pharmacology
|November 27, 2025
概括
抗结核药物诱导的肝损伤 (ATLI) 是一个主要问题. 使用八个临床因素的机器学习模型准确预测ATLI风险,帮助结核病患者早期检测.
科学领域:
- 肝病学 肝病学是一种肝病学.
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
- 数据科学数据科学数据科学
背景情况:
- 抗结核药物诱导的肝损伤 (ATLI) 对结核病 (TB) 的成功治疗构成重大威胁.
- 开发可靠的方法用于早期ATLI风险预测对于患者管理和治疗坚持至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 使用机器学习算法构建和验证ATLI风险的预测模型.
- 确定有助于ATLI发展的关键临床特征.
主要方法:
- 分析了2356名结核病患者的回顾性队列.
- 使用了七个机器学习算法,包括LightGBM,后勤回归,决策树,SVM,随机森林,GBDT和XGBoost.
- 使用LASSO回归进行了特征选择,随机下抽样解决了类不平衡.
主要成果:
- 在测试组中,LightGBM模型以0.789的AUC,0.734的灵敏度和0.706的特异性实现了最佳性能.
- 一个8个特征模型 (基线HDLC,GGT,甘油三,TCHOL,尿酸,TBIL,GLB和肝病史) 显示出强大的预测能力 (AUC = 0.764).
- 该模型在外部验证队列中显示出强大的性能 (AUC = 0.721).
结论:
- 一个利用基线高密度脂蛋白胆固醇,g-glutamyl转酶,甘油三,总胆固醇,尿酸,总胆固醇,全球蛋白和肝病史的预测模型有效地预测了ATLI.
- 这种基于LightGBM的模型可以帮助临床医生早期识别患有ATLI高风险的患者.
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