针对性体育活动干预措施对ADHD儿童和青少年抑制控制的影响:元分析
Yiwei Min1, Yuxin Chen2, Jiling Liu3
1Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA. minyiwei@tamu.edu.
European child & adolescent psychiatry
|November 27, 2025
概括
有针对性的体育活动 (PA) 干预措施显著改善了ADHD儿童的抑制控制 (IC). 长期计划,中度频率和特定的会话持续时间显示为增强认知功能的最有前途.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
背景情况:
- 注意缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 与抑制控制 (IC) 的显著缺陷有关.
- 身体活动 (PA) 越来越被认为是治疗ADHD症状的潜在非药物干预.
- 优化PA干预参数对于最大限度地提高ADHD儿童和青少年的益处至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地识别和分析旨在改善抑制控制 (IC) 的目标体育活动 (PA) 计划的关键干预参数.
- 评估PA干预措施在儿童ADHD患者群体中增强IC的整体疗效.
- 通过子组分析和元回归来探索干预效应的异质性.
主要方法:
- 对随机对照试验和准实验研究进行了全面的元分析.
- 在主要的科学数据库 (PubMed,科学网,Embase,Cochrane图书馆) 进行了系统的文献搜索.
- 分析了干预参数,包括强度,会议时间,频率和持续时间,以及出版偏差和敏感性分析.
主要成果:
- 有针对性的PA干预措施在患有多动症的儿童和青少年中对IC产生了显著的积极影响 (SMD = 0.71).
- 长期干预 (≥12周) 与急性干预相比,IC的改善更大.
- 超回归表明PA频率和干预有效性之间的反向U形关系,这表明中度频率是最佳的.
结论:
- 有针对性的体育活动干预措施有效地改善了ADHD儿童和青少年的抑制控制.
- 干预设计,特别是适度的频率,更长的持续时间和特定的会议时间,对于最大限度地提高积极结果至关重要.
- 需要进一步的研究来完善ADHD管理的最佳PA协议.
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