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在患有复发性和/或转移性鼻腔状细胞癌的患者中使用免疫检查点抑制剂单疗法

Alexander Lein¹, Thorsten Fuereder², Manuel Stoeth³

¹Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

Cancer medicine

|November 27, 2025

概括

免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 显示出复发性和/或转移性鼻腔状细胞癌 (SNSCC) 的可能性. 这项研究发现,免疫疗法提供了可能的治疗选择,尽管对于这种罕见的癌症需要进行更大规模的试验.

科学领域:

在瘤学瘤学.
免疫治疗是一种免疫疗法.
头部和部癌症头部和部癌症

背景情况:

鼻腔状细胞癌 (SNSCC) 是一种罕见的癌症,对复发性或转移性 (r/m) 疾病的治疗选择有限.
免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 在其他头癌中有效,但它们在SNSCC中的作用尚不清楚.
SNSCC患者经常被排除在临床试验之外,这阻碍了ICI疗效的证据生成.

研究的目的:

为了评估单剂ICI治疗在r/m SNSCC.患者的疗效和安全性.
为了将r/m SNSCC患者接受ICI治疗的结果与其他头部和部状细胞癌患者的结果进行比较.

主要方法:

从2018年7月到2023年12月,对18个r/m SNSCC患者接受单剂Pembrolizumab或Nivolumab治疗的回顾性多中心分析.
与121名患有喉,口腔,下喉或口腔的r/m状细胞癌的患者队列进行了探索性比较.

主要成果:

总体应答率 (ORR) 为11.1%,疾病控制率 (DCR) 为27.8%,中位数无进展生存期 (PFS) 为11.7个月,总生存期 (OS) 为18.9个月.
高病理分级是PFS的负预后因素 (p=0.049).
在SNSCC的结果与其他头癌大致相似,PFS,OS,ORR或DCR没有统计学上显著的差异.

结论:

单剂免疫疗法可能是对r/m SNSCC的可行的治疗选择.
样本规模有限,需要谨慎地解释研究结果.
未来的前性试验应该包括SNSCC患者,以澄清免疫治疗在这个代表性不足的人群中的作用.

关键词:

晚期的疾病晚期的疾病头部和部癌症头部和部癌症免疫检查点疗法免疫检查点疗法鼻皮状细胞癌瘤

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