在四个选定的医院产科病房中与死产相关的因素:在埃斯瓦提尼的一项无与伦比的病例对照研究
Phetsile Nolungelo Thwala1,2, Abednego Ongeso1, Rose Maina1
1School of Nursing and Midwifery, East Africa, The Aga Khan University, 3rd Parklands Avenue, Off Limuru Road., P.O Box 30270, Nairobi, GPO 00100, Kenya.
Reproductive health
|November 28, 2025
概括
在埃斯瓦提尼,死产与可以预防的因素有关,例如缺乏铁补充剂和高血压疾病. 解决产前护理中的这些差距对于降低死产率和改善孕产妇健康结果至关重要.
科学领域:
- 产科和妇科 产科和妇科
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 死产是一种未被认可的不良妊娠结果,不成比例地影响中低收入国家.
- 埃斯瓦提尼面临着高死亡出生率 (2019年每1000例出生132例),超过了全球目标.
- 关于斯瓦提尼境内死胎的研究有限.
研究的目的:
- 分析在四个选定的埃斯瓦提尼医院分娩的妇女中与死产相关的因素.
- 在埃斯瓦提尼的背景下,确定导致死胎的关键风险因素.
主要方法:
- 一个多中心,无匹敌的病例控制研究,利用2021年7月1日至12月31日的二次数据.
- 包括268例死产病例和1151例活产控制,采用连续和随机抽样.
- 后勤回归分析 (p < .05,95% CI) 用于确定相关因素的原始和调整的赔率比率.
主要成果:
- 与死产相关的高度显著的因素 (p < .001) 包括缺铁/叶酸,阳性梅毒测试,高血压疾病,产前出血,出生前到达,染液体 (二级) 和胎儿并发症.
- 其他重要因素包括酒精消费,高产前护理访问频率 (≥8),胎液异常,传统药物使用,妊娠糖尿病和贫血.
- 调整后的几率比率表明,几个因素的风险大幅增加,例如,产前出血 (aOR=17.04) 和染液体II级 (aOR=11.42).
结论:
- 死产在埃斯瓦提尼是一个重大的公共卫生挑战,由可识别和可预防的因素驱动.
- 关键的风险因素凸显了当前产前护理服务的严重缺陷.
- 加强常规查和综合产妇健康服务是降低死产率的成本效益高的策略.
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