无烟干预措施的成本效益:系统审查
Kalin Werner1, Tracy K Lin1, Rahaf H Binshehah2
1Institute for Health and Aging, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States.
无烟干预措施,如公共禁烟,具有成本效益,并节省医疗保健费用. 优先考虑这些政策提供了显著的公共卫生和经济效益.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 政策评估 政策评估
背景情况:
- 由于医疗保健支出和生产力损失,烟草使用造成了相当大的全球经济成本,估计每年超过1.8万亿美元.
- 在2019年,烟草使用造成了大约870万例死亡和2.2977亿残疾调整寿命年 (DALYs).
- 尽管正在进行烟草控制工作,但对干预措施的经济影响的证据仍然有限.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查无烟干预措施的成本效益.
- 提供证据,为有关烟草控制的政策决策提供信息.
主要方法:
- 按照PRISMA指南进行的系统文献综述,注册在PROSPERO.
- 在PubMed,Web of Science和Cochrane数据库中搜索无烟干预措施的经济评估.
- 使用共识健康经济标准 (CHEC) 和综合健康经济评估报告标准 (CHEERS) 工具提取和合成数据.
主要成果:
- 九项研究符合纳入标准,评估了公共场所,工作场所和学校的吸烟禁令.
- 干预表明增量成本效益比率 (ICER) 从每天7美元转移到每年17056美元.
- 大多数审查的无烟干预措施被发现具有成本效益或占主导地位.
结论:
- 公共禁烟措施始终节省了医疗保健费用,并且非常具有成本效益.
- 工作场所和学校的吸烟禁令也被证明是具有成本效益的,结果因环境而异.
- 应该优先考虑全面的无烟政策,作为具有经济效益的经济有效的公共卫生干预措施.
更多相关视频
06:39Electroencephalographic, Heart Rate, and Galvanic Skin Response Assessment for an Advertising Perception Study: Application to Antismoking Public Service Announcements
Published on: August 28, 2017
10:44Comparing the Effects of Electronic Cigarette Vapor and Cigarette Smoke in a Novel In Vivo Exposure System
Published on: May 24, 2017
相关概念视频
Statistical Methods for Analyzing Epidemiological Data
Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques IV
Study Designs in Epidemiology
Observational studies are those where the researcher does not intervene but rather observes natural variations. They include cross-sectional, cohort, and...
Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast,...
Bias in Epidemiological Studies
Lifestyle Factors and Health
Benefits of Physical Activity
Physical activity, whether through structured exercise or casual activities like walking, biking, or dancing, is a cornerstone of a...
