了解羞耻,内,尬和骄傲:对自我意识情绪的系统审查
1Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India.
Frontiers in psychology
|November 28, 2025
概括
这篇评论强调了研究自我意识的情绪,如内和羞耻感的挑战. 研究中的方法差距限制了对其生理,神经和文化方面的理解,影响了社会功能.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 社会科学 社会科学 社会科学
背景情况:
- 自我意识的情绪 (例如,内,羞耻,骄傲) 对于社会功能,道德和身份至关重要.
- 它们的复杂性,需要自我意识和社会评估,这给研究带来了挑战.
- 现有的实证研究存在方法问题和差距.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和识别对自我意识情绪的实验研究中的方法问题和差距.
- 检查情感特征,生理/神经相关性,非语言线索和跨文化变异.
- 为未来的研究方向提供信息,以便更深入地理解.
主要方法:
- 对同行评审的经验研究进行系统审查 (2000-2024年).
- 搜索了PubMed,PsycINFO,Scopus,Web of Science,这些网站都遵循了PRISMA 2020的指导方针.
- 包括使用生理学,神经学,行为学或跨文化方法的研究.
主要成果:
- 自我意识情绪的价值和唤起概况的变化.
- 确定了明显的生理学 (例如,中间前额叶皮层,ACC) 和神经相关物.
- 非语言线索 (姿势,脸红) 和跨文化模式 (通用/特定) 已被注意到.
结论:
- 方法上的局限性 (诱导,有效性,操作化) 阻碍了概括性.
- 以西方为中心的偏见限制了跨文化适用性.
- 自我意识的情绪由于研究挑战而未被充分探索;未来的工作需要标准化,生态有效性和多样化的样本.
相关概念视频
01:21Self-Awareness and Its Effects
256
Self-awareness is a psychological state in which the individual becomes the focal point of their attention. This inward focus transforms the self into an object of contemplation and assessment, influencing how individuals perceive their actions and their alignment with personal and societal standards.Triggers and Contexts for Self-AwarenessSelf-awareness can be activated by external stimuli that make individuals visually or audibly aware of themselves, such as mirrors, cameras, or recordings.
256
01:27Protecting Self-Esteem
178
Self-esteem, a central component of psychological well-being, is actively maintained through various cognitive and behavioral strategies. Individuals employ specific mechanisms to preserve a positive self-concept and mitigate threats to their self-worth, particularly in contexts involving social evaluation or personal feedback. Four primary techniques are commonly used to sustain self-esteem.Manipulating AppraisalsOne prominent strategy involves manipulating appraisals from others. Individuals...
178
02:05Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping
43.4K
People can go to great lengths to protect their self-image and present themselves in ways that they want others to see them. Sociologist Erving Goffman presented the idea that a person is like an actor on a stage. Calling his theory dramaturgy, Goffman believed that we use “impression management” to present ourselves to others as we hope to be perceived. Each situation is a new scene, and individuals perform different roles depending on who is present (Goffman, 1959). Think about...
43.4K
01:29Self-Evaluation Maintenance Model
254
The Self-Evaluation Maintenance (SEM) model offers a psychological framework to understand how individuals’ self-esteem is influenced by the achievements of others, particularly those with whom they share close personal bonds. The SEM model operates when personal rather than social identity guides individuals. Central to this model is the notion that individuals have an inherent desire to preserve a favorable self-image, which is continuously shaped by interpersonal comparisons and...
254
01:30Social Foundations of Self III: Self-Evaluation
169
Self-evaluation is the process by which individuals assess their abilities, behaviors, and characteristics based on feedback from others. Charles H. Cooley observed that a person’s self-perception is primarily influenced by how others see and judge them. He suggested that individuals form their identities based on their interpretations of others' reactions. As a result, social interactions play a crucial role in shaping self-esteem and personal identity. These external evaluations often...
169
01:27Sources of Self-Esteem III: Social Comparison
211
Social comparison plays a fundamental role in the evaluation of personal success and self-worth. Rather than assessing our achievements in isolation, we interpret their significance relative to personal goals and critically in comparison to the performance of others. A grade of B in a mathematics exam might elicit pride if one's expectation was a C, yet result in disappointment if an A was anticipated or if peers achieved superior results. These comparative evaluations illustrate how both...
211