免疫功能学揭示了地理差异和TLR8在mRNA疫苗反应中的作用
Wesley Huisman1, Shohreh Azimi1, Yen Nhi Nguyen1
1Leiden University Center for Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
iScience
|November 28, 2025
概括
天生的免疫系统在不同的人群中表现出功能多样性. 收费类受体8 (TLR8) 在mRNA疫苗反应中起着关键作用,与欧洲人相比,在印度尼西亚人中观察到的变异.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 人类遗传学 人类遗传学
背景情况:
- 天生的免疫系统对于宿主对病原体的防御至关重要,并且对疫苗接种有反应.
- 了解免疫系统的功能对于识别疫苗疗效和感染反应的相关性至关重要.
- 免疫功能的地理差异可能会影响健康结果和疫苗的有效性.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用整体方法,全面评估不同人群的免疫功能.
- 研究先天免疫反应的地理差异,比较欧洲人和印度尼西亚人 (城市和农村).
- 探索模式识别受体 (PRR) 激活和细胞因子产生在免疫反应中的作用,特别是在mRNA疫苗接种方面.
主要方法:
- 开发了一种整体方法,产生了超过3,100个免疫读数.
- 利用光谱流细胞计分析了16种细胞类型,18种PRR和11种细胞因子.
- 欧洲人和印度尼西亚城市/农村人口之间的免疫反应比较.
主要成果:
- 观察到免疫反应的显著地理差异,包括印度尼西亚农村人群中增加的互白素-1β (IL-1β).
- 在农村印尼人中,经过Toll-like受体8 (TLR8) 刺激后,鉴定出先天性淋巴细胞干扰因子γ (IFNγ) 生产受损.
- 发现欧洲人的基线IFNγ生产与mRNA-1273接种后的SARS-CoV-2尖端特异性反应相关.
- 证明了体外mRNA疫苗刺激诱导了依赖TLR8的IFNγ产生,这在印度尼西亚农村地区减少了.
结论:
- 突出了不同地理区域的人口的实质性功能性免疫多样性.
- 强调TLR8在调节mRNA疫苗反应中的潜在作用.
- 建议TLR8介导反应的变化可能会影响不同人群的疫苗疗效.
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