在埃及引入轮状病毒疫苗的影响和成本效益分析
Mohamed N F Shaheen1, Andrew Clark2, Ahmed Zaghlol3
1Virology Laboratory, Environment and Climate Change Research Institute, National Research Centre, 12622 Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Vaccine
|November 28, 2025
概括
在埃及引入轮状病毒疫苗接种可以每年预防1400多例死亡和数百万例病例. 成本效益取决于降低疫苗价格和配送费用,以最大限度地提高五岁以下儿童的健康益处.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
背景情况:
- 埃及尚未实施罗塔病毒疫苗接种,尽管埃及的战略目标是国内生产疫苗.
- 关于轮状病毒疫苗成本效益的证据对于埃及的卫生政策决策至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估在埃及引入三种轮状病毒疫苗 (ROTARIX®,ROTASIIL®,ROTAVAC®) 的潜在影响和成本效益.
- 为了比较这些疫苗与一个没有疫苗接种的场景在十年的时间.
主要方法:
- 采用了详细的年龄结构 (儿童<5岁) 的静态队列模型.
- 计算的项目成本,疾病负担 (RVGE病例,访问,入院,死亡) 和医疗保健成本.
- 进行了概率和确定性不确定性分析.
主要成果:
- 接种疫苗可以在十年内预防超过1100万例RVGE病例和超过1400例5岁以下儿童死亡.
- ROTASIIL®的项目成本最低,其次是ROTAVAC®和ROTARIX®.
- 超过64%的轮状病毒胃肠炎医疗费用可以避免;在基准情况下,ROTASIIL®主导了其他产品.
结论:
- 罗塔病毒疫苗接种通过减少儿童的疾病负担和死亡率,为公众健康带来了巨大的好处.
- 实现成本效益需要更低的疫苗价格和/或合理的更低的卫生系统交付成本.
- 疫苗价格和运输成本是埃及轮状病毒疫苗计划实施的关键因素.
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