在重症监护室进行压力损伤监测:开发,验证和临床应用自然语言处理算法
Julia K Pilowsky1, Jae-Won Choi2, Nhi Nguyen3
1Intensive Care NSW, NSW Agency for Clinical Innovation, Australia; School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Australia.
概括
使用自然语言处理的算法可以有效地监测重症监护室 (ICU) 的压力损伤 (PIs). 大多数在ICU获得的PI发生在入院后的前五天内.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 关键护理医学 关键护理医学
- 临床监督 临床监督
背景情况:
- 压力损伤 (PIs) 是重症监护室 (ICU) 常见的医院获得并发症.
- 现有的PI监测系统存在局限性,特别是数据质量差.
- 以前对重症患者的PI的研究通常涉及小样本大小,并且没有精确确定ICU住院期间获得时间.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证自然语言处理 (NLP) 算法,用于成人ICU中压力损伤监测.
- 量化研究队列中的PI发病率.
- 确定与ICU环境中PI发展相关的临床特征.
主要方法:
- 一个回顾性,多中心队列研究,涉及五个澳大利亚ICU (2017年6月-2023年6月).
- 开发一种NLP算法来检测临床进展说明中记录的PI.
- 使用临床代码和手动图表审查对算法的外部验证,然后与ANZICS成人患者数据库进行链接以检索临床特征.
主要成果:
- 该研究分析了来自40 033名患者的数据,包括超过1200万个自由文本字段.
- 在外部验证中,NLP监控算法取得了令人满意的性能 (F1得分:0.743-0.749).
- 在8.35%的患者中发现了PI,其中63.19%是在ICU入院期间获得的,主要是在前5天内 (70.3%). 患有PI的患者表现出更高的疾病严重程度和侵袭性通风率的增加.
结论:
- 自然语言处理是有效监测ICU中压力损伤的可行工具,支持观察性研究.
- 在ICU获得的PI的早期发生凸显了将这一发现纳入质量改进计划的必要性,以减少发生率.
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