非洲裔美国人的健康和认知功能结构性和社会决定因素之间的关联:ARCHES队列
Jean-Francois Trani1,2,3,4, Yiqi Zhu5, Alexis I B Walker5
1School of Public Health, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA. jtrani@wustl.edu.
Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities
|November 28, 2025
概括
健康的结构性和社会决定因素 (S/SDOH) 显著增加了黑人美国人的痴呆风险. 通过政策解决这些因素可以帮助减少认知衰退,促进健康公平.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 健康差异 在健康上的差异
背景情况:
- 与白人相比,黑人美国人面临的痴呆症风险是白人美国人的两倍.
- 在这个人群中,对健康 (S/SDOH) 和痴呆的结构性和社会决定因素的研究是有限的.
- 为评估这些因素,开发了一种新的S/SDOH复合指数 (CI).
研究的目的:
- 检查新的S/SDOH复合指数 (CI) 与黑人美国人的认知健康之间的关联.
- 探索S/SDOH与潜在的认知障碍 (PCI) 或认知表现不佳 (PCP) 之间的联系.
主要方法:
- 研究包括312名45岁以上的黑人成年人,在基线认知正常.
- 使用NIA健康差异研究框架创建了一个37指标的S/SDOH-CI.
- 多变量回归模型分析了S/SDOH-CI与认知结果之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 33.7%的参与者患有PCI,15.1%患有PCP.
- 较高的S/SDOH剥夺与增加PCI (OR: 11.48) 和PCP (OR: 13.84) 的几率有关.
- 65岁以上的黑人成年人,特别是PCP的风险增加了 (OR:6.49).
结论:
- 通过有针对性的政策,改善黑人美国人的S/SDOH可以减轻痴呆风险.
- 建议包括公平获得教育,医疗保健和解决物质困难的方案.
- 解决结构性种族主义的政策对于美国黑人健康和福祉至关重要.
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