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在实时捕捉原子湿动态

George T Tebbutt¹, Christopher S Allen^1,2, Anna Fabijańska³

¹Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.

Nature communications

|November 28, 2025

概括

碳纳米管中的金属纳米线生长是一个两阶段的过程:曲率驱动的核和毛细管驱动的延长. 这项研究揭示了制造先进纳米材料的关键湿化动态.

科学领域:

材料科学材料科学材料科学
纳米技术纳米技术
表面科学是一门学科.

背景情况:

原子尺度的湿对于纳米级材料的形成至关重要,但在封闭状态下人们对其了解甚少.
经典毛细体模型无法解释碳纳米管内金属纳米线生长等现象.

研究的目的:

为了阐明金属纳米线在多壁碳纳米管 (MWCNTs) 中形成的机制.
研究纳米级湿和相变在蒸汽相纳米线生长中的作用.

主要方法:

在现场使用原子分辨率传输电子显微镜 (ARTEM) 来观察纳米线的生长.
开发了一个深度学习卷积神经网络 (CNN) 来分类Sn_xO阶段过渡 (液体,固体,中间).

主要成果:

纳米线的形成遵循一个两阶段的机制:曲率驱动的核和毛细管驱动的延长.
增长需要液体Sn_xO与纳米管壁之间的湿接口 (接触角度<90°).
直接观察捕获了 CNTs 内的热诱导纳米线增长动态.

结论:

该研究建立了蒸汽相纳米线封装的预测框架.
它将纳米级湿化动态与先进纳米材料的制造联系在一起,挑战了凯尔文和卢卡斯-沃什本等现有模型.

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