评估针对机器人的暴力行为的道德
J Archer1, M Wilks2, K Sommer3
1School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland. J.Archer-1@sms.ed.ac.uk.
Scientific reports
|November 29, 2025
概括
人类对机器人的道德看法取决于它们的外观和它们所遭受的伤害. 人形机器人在社会排斥场景中引起了更多关注,但抗议行为没有影响道德判断.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 人与机器人的交互
- 机器人 伦理学 机器人伦理学
背景情况:
- 了解人类对人工智能的道德看法至关重要,因为机器人越来越融入社会.
- 以前的研究还没有完全探索机器人的外观和行为如何影响道德判断.
研究的目的:
- 基于机器人的人类形态特征,研究人类对机器人的道德观念.
- 检查造成伤害的类型和机器人对厌恶刺激的反应如何影响道德关注.
- 探索机器人虐待的心理和道德影响.
主要方法:
- 对297名参与者进行了在线调查 (234名心理学学生,63名社交媒体新兵).
- 参与者在各种有害或厌恶的场景 (例如,身体虐待,社会排斥) 中观看了人形机器人 (NAO) 和机器类型机器人 (Roomba) 的视频.
- 机器人抗议行为 (身体,口头,组合,或没有) 也是多样化的.
主要成果:
- 在社会排斥和关闭场景中,人形机器人比机器类机器人受到更多的道德关注.
- 在身体和口头虐待场景中,机器人类型之间没有发现道德关注的差异.
- 与其他场景相比,身体虐待场景在两种机器人类型中引起了更多的道德关注.
- 机器人抗议行为没有显著影响道德关注的归因.
结论:
- 机器人的外观显著影响道德关注,特别是在涉及社会排斥的场景中.
- 伤害的类型是一个关键因素,身体虐待始终引起更高的道德关注.
- 与假设相反,机器人的抗议行为没有影响人类的道德判断.
- 这项研究为未来关于人机交互和虐待的心理和伦理维度的研究奠定了基础.
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