对单一和混合深度学习模型进行比较研究,用于在非洲选定的城市每日降雨预测
Timothy Kayode Samson1,2, Francis Olatunbosun Aweda3
1Statistics Programme, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, Bowen University, 220101, Iwo, Nigeria. kayode.samson@bowen.edu.ng.
Scientific reports
|November 29, 2025
概括
准确的每日降雨预测对于非洲的粮食安全至关重要. 单个深度学习模型,特别是循环神经网络 (RNN),在不同非洲气候中通常优于混合模型.
科学领域:
- 气候科学 气候科学
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 气象学 天气学
背景情况:
- 非洲的粮食不安全性因气候变化引起的不可预测的降雨而加剧.
- 准确的每日降雨预测对于农业规划和粮食安全至关重要.
- 深度学习 (DL) 模型为分析复杂的气候数据提供了先进的能力.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较单个深度学习 (DL) 模型 (CNN,LSTM,ANN,RNN) 和混合架构 (RNN+ANN,LSTM+ANN,LSTM+RNN) 在非洲每天降雨预测的性能.
- 确定最有效的DL模型,以捕捉气象数据中的空间和顺序依赖.
- 评估气象变量对不同非洲城市降雨预测准确度的影响.
主要方法:
- 从NASA的MERRA-2再分析 (1980-2024) 中利用了每日降雨量和气象数据 (湿度,风速,压力).
- 使用标准缩放与80/20列车验证分割的预处理数据.
- 使用平均平方误差 (MSE),根平均平方误差 (RMSE),平均绝对误差 (MAE) 和胡伯损失评估模型性能.
主要成果:
- 在非洲城市中观察到降雨动态的显著空间变化.
- 单一的DL型号,特别是RNN型号,在大多数地点的性能通常优于混合型号.
- 在许多城市,相对湿度是最有影响力的预测因素,而在比勒陀利亚和拉巴特,降雨持续性占主导地位.
结论:
- 单个DL模型,特别是RNN,在不同非洲气候的日常降雨预测中更可靠.
- 混合DL模型可能在高度复杂的降雨模式中提供好处,如阿布贾的LSTM-ANN所见.
- 了解当地降雨模式和有影响力的预测因素是改善非洲抗气候农业的关键.
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