数据科学和人工智能对母亲,新生儿和儿童的健康:范围审查和专题分析
Joseph Akuze1,2, Grieven P Otieno3, Samson Yohannes Amare4
1Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
BMC public health
|November 29, 2025
概括
数据科学和人工智能 (AI) 在非洲的孕产妇,新生儿和儿童健康 (MNCH) 应用有限,主要是作为研究而不是操作程序存在. 解决基础设施和能力差距对于利用人工智能来改善MNCH结果至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 数字健康数字健康
背景情况:
- 非洲仍然存在高的孕产妇和新生儿死亡率,数据科学和人工智能 (AI) 具有巨大的潜力,可以推动创新和基于证据的决策.
- 通过改进数据利用和战略规划,可以加速孕产妇,新生儿和儿童健康 (MNCH) 倡议.
研究的目的:
- 为了全面地绘制MNCH在非洲的数据科学和人工智能应用当前的格局.
- 确定关键的差距,挑战和机会,以有效地实施数据科学和人工智能在非洲的MNCH.
主要方法:
- 使用Arksey和O'Malley框架进行了范围审查,搜索了五个主要数据库和灰色文献,直到2023年12月.
- 采用七个领域的框架进行了主题分析,以确定数据科学应用中的模式,挑战和机遇.
- 此外,还审查了世界卫生组织 (WHO) 数字卫生倡议图谱中专注于MNCH的项目.
主要成果:
- 在11320篇选的文章中,来自31个非洲国家的52篇文章符合纳入标准,其中大多数 (65.4%) 来自东非.
- 大多数研究都是以研究为基础的 (53.8%) 或人口健康调查 (43.1%),只有有限的证据证明了政府的运营计划.
- 确定的主要挑战包括基础设施不足,数据质量问题,劳动力能力有限以及依赖外部资金. 世卫组织数字健康地图集在非洲44个国家确定了316个以MNCH为重点的数据科学计划.
结论:
- 在国家层面的数据科学和人工智能在非洲的MNCH应用方面存在很大的差距,研究项目占据了运营实施的优势.
- 基础设施不足,数据管理能力有限,政府承诺不足是广泛采用的主要障碍.
- 在MNCH中推进数据科学的机会已经存在,受到非洲年轻人口的推动,移动技术的扩展,以及通过数字创新跳跃的潜力.
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