辅助剂量重塑了艾滋病毒感染者的SARS-CoV-2 RBD特异性B细胞免疫力
Jacopo Polvere1, Simone Lucchesi1, Giorgio Montesi1
1Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
Journal of translational medicine
|November 29, 2025
概括
mRNA疫苗接种可以提高艾滋病毒感染者 (PLWH) 的记忆B细胞. 第三剂量增强了反应,持续的尖峰特异性记忆B细胞在接种后两年内持续存在,有助于预测疫苗的有效性.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 艾滋病毒研究 艾滋病毒研究
背景情况:
- 在mRNA SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种后,尖端特异性记忆B细胞 (MBC) 的长期持续性在艾滋病毒感染者 (PLWH) 中未得到充分研究.
- 之前的研究表明,与健康对照组 (HC) 相比,PLWH中双剂量疫苗接种后的B细胞反应具有定量相似性,但具有表型差异.
- 观察到的差异包括CD27-IgD-双阴性细胞的更高患病率和CD27+Ig切换MBC在PLWH中的更低比例.
研究的目的:
- 在mRNA SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种后,研究艾滋病毒感染者 (PLWH) 中尖端特异性记忆B细胞 (MBC) 的长期持久性和特征.
- 评估第三次和第四次疫苗剂量对PLWH中MBC反应的影响.
- 确定耐久性RBD特异性MBC持久性的临床和人口预测因素.
主要方法:
- 长度前性研究 (PatoVac_COV) 涉及74名用mRNA SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种的PLWH.
- 用多维流细胞计在多个时间点对外围血液单核细胞 (PBMC) 进行RBD特异性MBC反应的分析.
- 通过ELISA和替代病毒中和试验评估血中高峰特异性IgG水平;应用决策树模型来确定MBC持久性的预测因素.
主要成果:
- 第三剂疫苗显著提醒了RBD特异性MBC,促进了分化成Ig切换静止MBC,这是HC中也见到的主导子集.
- 第四剂疫苗对MBC反应的影响很小.
- 在接种疫苗后的两年里,IgG+休息的MBC识别了野生型和Omicron BA.2菌株. 自ART开始以来的时间,BMI,CD8+细胞计数,粒细胞计数和肌素水平与MBC持久性有关.
结论:
- 增强,特别是第三剂mRNA疫苗,有效地增强和塑造了PLWH中RBD特异性的MBC反应.
- 确定的临床和人口变量是预测PLWH持续疫苗反应的潜在生物标志物.
- 这些发现强调了强剂量对于优化PLWH人群中疫苗疗效的重要性.
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