我们能减少或消除Listeria monocytogenes在食品中的存在吗?
Loredana d'Ovidio1,2, Débora Preceliano de Oliveira1,2, Iskra Vitanova Ivanova3
1ProBacLab, Laboratório de Microbiologia de Alimentos, Departamento de Alimentos e Nutrição Experimental, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade De São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Molecular nutrition & food research
|November 29, 2025
概括
单细胞菌菌 (Listeria monocytogenes) 构成严重的食品安全风险,尤其是对弱势群体. 本研究探讨了包括遗传和天然抗菌剂在内的传统和新兴策略,以控制这种有弹性的病原体.
科学领域:
- 食品微生物学 食品微生物学
- 细菌病原体的产生
- 食品安全科学 食品安全科学
背景情况:
- 李斯特菌 (Listeria monocytogenes) 是一种毒性食物传播的病原体,在脆弱人群中引起严重的李斯特菌病.
- 它对环境压力因素 (低pH值,低水活性,制冷) 的弹性使其成为一种持久的食品污染物.
- 有效的控制对公共卫生和食品供应完整性至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 审查和综合传统和新兴的对抗Listeria monocytogenes的控制战略.
- 突出综合方法对综合病原体管理的重要性.
- 为食品安全实践和监管指南提供信息.
主要方法:
- 对既有和新型抗微生物和控制技术的文献综述.
- 对针对细菌基因表达和病毒性的新兴策略的分析.
- 检查物理,化学,生物和遗传干预方法.
主要成果:
- 传统的方法 (热,HPP,辐射,酸化) 可以减少细菌负载,但也有局限性.
- 新兴的策略包括调节基因表达 (胆,核模块),准调节蛋白 (MogR,GmaR) 和使用遗传工具 (CRISPR-Cas9).
- 新型干预措施包括环境调整,菌体,竞争性排斥,天然抗菌剂 (细菌素,化合物).
结论:
- 结合传统,新兴和天然抗菌剂的多方面的方法对于有效控制Listeria monocytogenes至关重要.
- 针对毒性和生存机制为未来的食品安全干预提供了有希望的途径.
- 综合战略对于最大限度地减少污染和提高整体食品安全至关重要.
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