扩大对布普伦诺芬和美沙的获取:全球前景和政策建议
Julio C Nunes1,2, Gabriel P A Costa1,2, Joao P De Aquino1,2,3
1Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
Substance use & addiction journal
|November 29, 2025
概括
在全球范围内扩大对阿片类药物使用障碍 (MOUD) 药物的获取,可以挽救生命并降低成本. 英国和法国的政策改革表明,将MOUD纳入公共卫生系统是关键.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生政策 卫生政策
- 成 药物 药物 药物 药物
背景情况:
- 与阿片类药物相关的死亡是严重的公共卫生危机.
- 在全球范围内,对治疗阿片类药物使用障碍 (MOUD) 的药物,如甲和布普伦诺芬的获取受到限制.
- 关于MOUD的国家政策存在很大差异,影响治疗覆盖率和结果.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较8个国家的MOUD政策.
- 检查法规如何影响治疗覆盖率,死亡率和系统响应.
- 确定MOUD访问的障碍,并估计从扩大美国覆盖范围中拯救的潜在生命和经济收益.
主要方法:
- 对MOUD法规,处方者资格和发行模式进行叙述性审查.
- 来自2021年全球疾病负担研究的阿片类药物相关死亡率数据的分析.
- 一项美国建模分析估计了避免过量服用的死亡和经济节省.
主要成果:
- 在全球范围内,监管瓶限制了MOUD的访问.
- 国际模型显示了成功的替代方案:社区药房配药 (英国,澳大利亚),自由初级保健处方 (法国) 和综合公共卫生模型 (葡萄牙,伊朗).
- 增加美国MOUD的覆盖范围,每年可以防止成千上万的过量死亡,并带来显著的经济节约.
结论:
- 监管改革和将MOUD整合到主流医疗保健中可以扩大获取并降低死亡率.
- 分散甲的输送,现代化布普伦诺芬的调度,并嵌入MOUD在公共卫生系统是至关重要的.
- 政策与国际最佳实践保持一致是公共卫生和经济的必要条件.
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