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与年龄相关的听力损失中的视觉皮质反应显示了补偿性神经可塑性的证据

Patricia V Aguiar¹, Michelle R Williams¹, Brandon T Paul²

¹Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria St, Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada.

|November 29, 2025

概括

患有听力损失的老年人通过视觉处理中的补偿性神经可塑性显示出大脑的适应性,特别是对于与语音相关的刺激. 这种大脑可塑性与时间学年龄无关.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
老年学是一门学科.
感官处理感官处理

背景情况:

在老年人中,感官丧失很常见,影响大脑结构和功能.
早期的感官损失可能导致其他感官的补偿上调.
目前尚不清楚老年人是否会表现出类似的神经可塑性补偿感官损失.

研究的目的:

研究老年人具有不同程度的听力损失的补偿视觉神经可塑性.
为了确定这种神经可塑性是否在与语音相关的视觉刺激与非语音视觉刺激之间有所不同.
探索老年大脑中年龄,听力损失和视觉处理之间的关系.

主要方法:

脑电图 (EEG) 用于记录66名年龄在53-80岁的成年人的皮质活动.
参与者看到了类似语音和非语音的视觉刺激.
分析了听力损失水平和视觉唤起潜力 (VEP) 延迟 (P1,N1,P2).

主要成果:

增加的听力损失与VEP中较长的P1和N1延迟相关.
观察到降低P2延迟与更大的听力损失,表明补偿性可塑性.
这些效应对语音类刺激更为明显,尽管非语音刺激显示出更大的皮层招募.

结论:

补偿性神经可塑性发生在听力损失的老年人中晚期皮质P2反应中.
这种可塑性是独立于时间年龄的,并且对于语音和非语音视觉刺激有所不同.
早期视觉处理 (P1,N1) 可能容易受到与年龄相关的感官衰退的影响.

关键词:

与年龄有关的听力损失.跨模式的交叉方式.这是一个EEGEEGEEGEEGEEGEEGEEG.神经振荡是一种神经振荡.神经可塑性神经可塑性视觉唤起了潜在的可能性.

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