脂肪酸补充剂的形式和形状对乳牛的营养消化能力和牛奶产量的比较影响
A M Bales1, J de Souza2, A L Lock1
1Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824.
Journal of dairy science
|November 29, 2025
概括
食脂肪酸补充剂通过提高奶牛的营养消化能力,增加了牛奶脂肪的产量. 脂肪酸概况,而不是补充剂形式,显著影响了消化能力和牛奶生产结果.
科学领域:
- 动物科学动物科学
- 乳制品营养 乳制品营养
- 动物的新陈代谢
背景情况:
- 食脂肪补充剂用于增加奶牛配给中的能量密度.
- 补充剂的形式和脂肪酸概况可以影响其有效性.
- 了解这些影响对于优化牛奶生产和牛健康至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估食脂肪酸 (FA) 补充剂形式和形状对中期哺乳期奶牛的营养消化能力和牛奶产量的影响.
- 为了比较不同FA补充剂配方的效果,包括prills和盐,具有不同的脂肪酸成分.
- 为了确定FA形状或补充形式是否对生产结果有更大的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用复制的4 × 4拉丁方形设计,使用20只多夫妇的霍尔斯坦牛.
- 牛被食控制饮食或饮食补充了2.0%的DMFA补充剂,具有特定的棕酸 (C16:0) 和油酸 (cis-9 C18:1) 的比例.
- 治疗包括FA prill和Ca-盐 (70FB) 的混合物,分离的Ca-盐 (70CS) 和棕FA蒸 (45CS) 的Ca-盐.
主要成果:
- 脂肪酸补充剂 (FAS) 增加了总的FA摄入量和消化能力,导致3.5%的脂肪校正牛奶 (FCM) 和牛奶脂肪产量更高.
- 补充剂形式对营养素消化能力有轻微影响,但FA概况显著影响了结果.
- 具有70%C16:0 + 20%cis-9 C18:1配置文件 (70CS) 的Ca-盐增加了牛奶脂肪产量,但与45%C16:0 + 35%cis-9 C18:1配置文件 (45CS) 相比,减少了牛奶和乳糖产量.
结论:
- 食脂肪酸补充剂主要通过改善FA的消化能力和吸收来增强牛奶脂肪的产生.
- 补充剂的脂肪酸概况在确定营养素消化能力和生产反应方面,比补充剂的物理形式发挥更为关键的作用.
- 优化FA形状,特别是和脂肪酸与不和脂肪酸的比例,是最大限度地提高奶牛乳脂产量的关键.
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