人类牛奶样本采集方案:养前和养后样本的平均营养素成分是整个料的平均值吗?
Wietske Verveld1, Johanna Rebecca de Wolf1, Chris Giovanni Legtenberg1
1Biomedical Photonic Imaging Group, TechMed Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.
概括
准确的母乳脂肪估计需要仔细考虑子样本协议. 虽然蛋白质和碳水化合物水平可靠地通过单个样本来表示,但脂肪度的准确性因方法而异.
科学领域:
- 人类哺乳研究人类哺乳研究
- 婴儿营养 婴儿营养
- 生物标志物的分析分析.
背景情况:
- 人母奶子样本采集协议对于哺乳期研究至关重要,以评估乳汁成分,同时尽量减少母乳养中断.
- 人母乳中巨量营养素的变化需要准确的分样方法来可靠地估计成分.
- 目前的部分采样协议在代表单个母乳养的宏观营养素含量的准确性仍然在很大程度上未经验证.
研究的目的:
- 评估三种不同的母乳分样采样方案的准确性,以估计完整料中宏观营养素的度.
- 为了比较前,后和联合前/后采样方法与体积加权平均值的疗效.
- 确定最可靠的协议,准确评估母乳中的宏观营养素.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及15名母亲的观察性研究进行了,以比较部分样本协议与完整料的体积加权平均值.
- 用母乳分析仪分析母乳样本 (前乳,散装,后乳),以确定巨量营养素度.
- 统计分析了测量的大量营养素水平与哺乳期特征之间的相关性.
主要成果:
- 所有测试的分样采集方案都与体积加权平均宏观营养素度有很强的相关性.
- 在脂肪度测量中观察到显著的偏差,根据使用的协议,范围从 -1.3 到 +1.9 g/dL.
- 蛋白质和碳水化合物度在不同的亚抽样协议中没有显著偏差.
结论:
- 评估的部分抽样方案中没有一个准确地确定了母乳中的脂肪度.
- 如果测量误差超过+0.3g/dL的偏差,则前和后样本的平均值可能适用于高脂肪牛奶样本.
- 料前或料后单个样本不足以估计完整料的脂肪度;然而,单个样本足以确定蛋白质和碳水化合物含量.
相关概念视频
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The median, another measure,...