鱼可变新抗原受体对可溶性TNF-α的选择性对抗的结构基础
Obinna C Ubah1, Eric W Lake2, Kendahl L Ott2,3
1Elasmogen Ltd., Aberdeen, UK. obinna.ubah@elasmogen.com.
Nature communications
|November 29, 2025
概括
新的抗瘤亡因子α (TNF-α) 变性新抗原受体 (VNAR) 提供了一个更安全的替代方案. 与目前的疗法不同,这些VNAR避免诱导免疫抑制逆信号,可能有利于高风险患者.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 结构生物学 结构生物学
- 生物化学 生化学
背景情况:
- 瘤亡因子-α (TNF-α) 存在于跨膜 (tmTNF-α) 和可溶性 (sTNF-α) 形式.
- tmTNF-α可以激活TNF受体或传输反向信号,可能导致免疫抑制和当前治疗的感染.
- 开发具有改善安全概况的新型抗TNF-α药物至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 呈现两个与sTNF-α复合的抗TNF-α可变新抗原受体 (VNAR) 的晶体结构.
- 调查这些VNAR的结合性表位.
- 与现有疗法相比,评估这些VNARs在T细胞中诱导反向信号的潜力.
主要方法:
- 进行X射线晶体学以确定VNAR-sTNF-α复合物的结构.
- 皮层映射用于识别结合部位.
- 在激活的CD4+T细胞中进行功能测试,以评估反向信号.
主要成果:
- 两个不同的抗TNF-α VNARs,VNAR-D1和VNAR-C4,在结构上与sTNF-α复杂的特征.
- VNAR-D1与sTNF-α结合了一个独特的表位,而 VNAR-C4与其他生物体结合了一个重叠的表位.
- 两种VNAR都没有在激活的CD4+T细胞中诱导反向信号,与目前的TNF-α疗法不同.
结论:
- 新型VNARs通过一种独特的机制中和TNF-α.
- 这些VNAR可以通过避免反向信号诱导的免疫抑制来提供更好的安全概况.
- 这为需要抗TNF-α治疗的高风险患者提供了有前途的治疗策略.
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