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早期阅读和数学发展轨迹:检查特定学习障碍和社会经济地位的影响
Rebecca A Marks1,2, Adrienne D Woods2,3, Laura Mesite2
1Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
Journal of learning disabilities
|November 30, 2025
概括
特殊学习障碍 (SLD) 和来自较低社会经济地位 (SES) 背景的儿童从幼儿园开始就表现出较低的学术技能. 他们的发展轨迹在很大程度上仍然是分开的,这表明了学业成绩的不同风险因素.
科学领域:
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
- 教育心理学教育心理学
- 学习障碍 学习障碍 学习障碍
背景情况:
- 社会经济地位 (SES) 和特殊学习障碍 (SLD) 是已知的学业成绩风险因素.
- 了解它们对发育轨迹的综合影响对于有针对性的干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查SES和SLD对从幼儿园到五年级的阅读和数学发展轨迹的影响.
- 调查SES和SLD在学术成长方面的潜在相互作用.
主要方法:
- 使用ECLS-K:2011数据集进行纵向分析.
- 根据五年级的SLD状态,追溯地分类学生.
- 与SLD和没有SLD的学生之间的学术技能和成长轨迹进行比较,以及跨SES水平.
主要成果:
- 患有SLD的学生在幼儿园入学时表现出较低的学术技能,随着时间的推移,稳定的群体差异.
- 低SES的学生也表现出较低的初始技能,与高SES的同龄人相比,他们的成长轨迹在很大程度上是平行的.
- 发现SLD和SES之间很少有显著的相互作用;在没有SLD的学生中,SES对阅读成长的影响在学业早期更为明显.
结论:
- 无论是SLD还是低SES,都独立地预测学业成绩较低.
- SLD和低SES的交叉并没有从质上改变发展轨迹,这表明了不同的潜在机制.
- 干预措施应考虑SLD和SES对学术成果的独立贡献.
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