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基于PIWI相互作用RNA的模型用于肺腺癌早期检测的鉴定:一个多中心队列研究

Shuang Liang¹, Qian Hong^2,3, Qingxia Xu⁴

¹Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking UnionMedical College, Beijing, 100021, China.

Molecular biomedicine

|November 30, 2025

概括

新的研究确定了血液中的两个PIWI相互作用RNA (piRNA) 用于早期肺癌检测. 这种血液测试可以提高通过低剂量计算机断层扫描 (LDCT) 查发现的不确定的结节的诊断准确度.

科学领域:

生物标志物生物标志物
分子生物学分子生物学
在瘤学瘤学.

背景情况:

早期检测肺腺癌 (LUAD) 是至关重要的,但具有挑战性的当前的方法,如低剂量计算机断层扫描 (LDCT).
循环中的PIWI相互作用RNAs (piRNAs) 显示出潜在的稳定性,用于非侵入性诊断的瘤特异性生物标志物.

研究的目的:

开发和验证使用循环piRNAs的新型诊断签名,以改善早期LUAD检测.
评估该签名在识别由LDCT检测到的恶性肺结节的性能.

主要方法:

这是一项大型的多中心研究,涉及1521个血清样本 (LUAD,良性结节,健康对照).
配对组织-血清奥米克分析和机器学习,用于生物标志物发现.
开发和验证一个2-piRNA诊断签名 (piR-hsa-8393202和piR-hsa-8429916).

主要成果:

两种特定的piRNA被确定为稳定性和LUAD特定的生物标志物.
2-piRNA签名显示了早期LUAD和adenocarcinoma in situ的高诊断性能.
该签名在LDCT查中显著改善了恶性结节的识别 (AUC=0.883),表现优于CEA和CYFRA21-1.

结论:

循环piRNAs作为有效的非侵入性生物标志物,用于肺结节的分子分层.
这种基于piRNA的签名提供了一个临床适用的工具,可以在LDCT查计划中提高早期肺癌诊断.
鉴定的piRNAs具有致癌活性,支持它们在LUAD发展中的作用.

关键词:

早期检测早期检测不确定的肺结节.肺部腺癌瘤是肺部腺癌.机器学习机器学习节点分层分层节点分层分层皮维相互作用的RNAs.

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相关概念视频

piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs

piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs

PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...