125年前在采矿中使用仍然对水鸟种群产生影响:对当前的手工金矿开采的影响
Morgan A Byrne1, Mae Sexauer Gustin2, Chris A Nicolai3
1University of Nevada, 1664 N Virginia St, Reno, NV, 89557, USA; Westech Environmental Services Inc., 3005 Airport Rd, Helena, MT, 59604, USA.
The Science of the total environment
|November 30, 2025
概括
黄金开采的遗留 (Hg) 污染了木,较高的羽毛Hg与增加的水流量有关,而不是干旱. 食物网是关键的暴露途径,在采矿地区构成风险.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 生态毒理学 生态毒理学
- 野生动物生物学 野生动物生物学
背景情况:
- 黄金开采历史上使用元素 (Hg 0) 进行合并,导致广泛的 (Hg) 污染.
- 从一个多世纪的采矿中遗留的Hg污染仍然存在于水生生态系统中,影响野生动物.
- 在内华达州卡森河下游的木 (Aix sponsa) 显示Hg度升高.
研究的目的:
- 模拟环境,时间和生物因素如何影响木羽毛中的Hg积累.
- 为了测试较低的水流增加木Hg暴露的假设.
- 为了确定木在一个历史上开采地区的Hg暴露途径.
主要方法:
- 分析了大量木羽毛样本的档案.
- 模拟羽毛Hg度与水文变量 (溪流,干旱),年龄类和地点对比.
- 在水,沉积物和食物 (草,宏无脊椎动物) 中量化Hg.
主要成果:
- 与假设相反,羽毛Hg度在高水流年是最高的.
- 增加的水流似乎会从沉积物中调动遗留的Hg,从而增加木的暴露.
- 食物网路,特别是水生植被和无脊椎动物,被确定为关键的Hg暴露路径.
结论:
- 高水流,而不是干旱,与由于沉积物动员而增加木的Hg暴露有关.
- 卡森河的遗留Hg污染存在持续的生态风险.
- 全球正在进行的手工黄金开采将继续给生态系统和人类健康带来Hg相关的风险.
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