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免疫学概况及其对儿科传染性单核病的临床影响

Jie Wang¹, Xinfeng Zhao¹, Cuiying Ye¹

¹Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hangzhou Children's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.

Frontiers in pediatrics

|December 1, 2025

概括

患有传染性单核病 (IM) 的儿童表现出免疫细胞标记物的改变. 在T细胞中高GzmB和低CD28表达与IM患者的肝损伤 (LI) 有关.

科学领域:

免疫学免疫学免疫学
儿科儿科儿科
病毒学病毒学

背景情况:

传染性单核病 (IM),主要是由爱斯坦-巴尔病毒 (EBV) 引起的,可以导致儿童的肝损伤 (LI).
了解IM中的免疫反应对于识别风险因素和预测疾病严重程度至关重要.

研究的目的:

为了比较患有IM并患有LI的儿童与没有 (NLI) 的儿童之间的周围血液免疫功能.
调查特定免疫标志物在IM和相关LI病变发生过程中的作用.

主要方法:

从50名IM儿童 (31名LI,19名NLI) 和30名健康对照儿童中采集了周围血液样本.
使用流细胞计和ELISA分析细胞因子,细胞毒性标记物 (GzmB,PRF),T细胞子集 (Tregs) 和免疫检查点分子 (PD-1,CD100).

主要成果:

与对照组相比,EBV感染组显示IL-5,IFN-α,IL-2,IL-6,IL-10,IFN-γ,IL-8,GzmB,PRF,PD-1和CD100的增加.
在EBV组中,Tregs和CD28表达显著下降.
与NLI亚组相比,患有LI的儿童在T细胞中具有更高的GzmB和较低的CD28表达.
PRF,PD-1和IL-10与EBV-DNA负载相关;GzmB和IFN-γ与体温相关;CD28与ALT水平相反相关.

结论:

在儿童中,EBV感染会导致显著的免疫失调.
在T细胞中增加的GzmB和减少的CD28表达与儿科IM中的肝损伤有关.

关键词:

爱斯坦·巴尔病毒病毒.一个叫做granzyme的大酶.免疫功能免疫功能免疫功能传染性单核病是一种传染性单核病.穿孔膜是为了穿孔.

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