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优化加工猪的饮食:平衡理想蛋白质以提高生长性能并减少对环境的影响

Christina C Mulvenna¹, Ursula M McCormack¹, Kelvin J McCracken²

¹Sustainable Agri-Food Sciences Division, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Hillsborough BT26 6DR, United Kingdom.

Translational animal science

|December 1, 2025

概括

通过平衡氨基酸 (AAs) 来减少猪食中的原蛋白 (CP),改善了早期生长和料转化. 虽然并非所有AA都对配方至关重要,但优化早期完成饮食提供了生产效益,并减少了对环境的影响.

科学领域:

动物科学动物科学
营养生物化学营养生物化学
环境科学环境科学

背景情况:

减少猪营养中的食原蛋白 (CP) 对环境可持续性至关重要.
与特定的氨基酸 (AAs) 均衡理想的蛋白质是保持猪表现的关键,同时降低CP.
了解限制AA对猪生长和新陈代谢的影响对于优化料配方至关重要.

研究的目的:

为了评估养低CP饮食,具有不同理想蛋白氨基酸 (AA) 配置的猪的性能.
确定不同AA平衡策略对生长,料转化,尸体特征和分泌的影响.
为了确定可持续生猪生产最具成本效益的食配方.

主要方法:

280只猪 (PIC 337 × Landrace × 大白) 接受了从40公斤到112公斤活体重的四种饮食之一.
饮食包括对照饮食 (175g/kg CP) 和三种减少CP的饮食 (150g/kg CP),这些饮食对不同组合的基本AA进行了平衡.
测量包括料摄入量,平均每日增益 (ADG),料转化率 (FCR),尸体重量,气摄入量和气分泌量.

主要成果:

养猪的饮食平衡了更多的AA (理想1和2) 在早期完成阶段 (12-15周) 显示出更高的ADG和改善的FCR.
饮食对整体性能 (40-112公斤) 和尸体重量没有显著的影响,除了理想饮食1导致较重的冷尸体重量.
减少CP饮食减少了15%的摄入量和24%的排泄量,但没有影响留.
理想3饮食 (150g/kg CP,平衡lys,met,thr) 是最经济可行的选择.

结论:

减少25g/kg的食CP是可行的,而不会影响猪的整体性能.
均衡饮食对特定的氨基酸如异黄素和氨酸可以有利于早期完成猪的表现.
理想3饮食提供了一种具有成本效益和环保的猪养方法,平衡生产与减少排泄.

关键词:

氨基酸是氨基酸中的一种.原始蛋白质是指原始蛋白质的原始蛋白质.完成者猪完成者猪增长表现成绩增长的表现.的分泌物的分泌物

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