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Mechanisms of Heat Transfer I01:14

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Just as interesting as the effects of heat transfer on a system are the methods by which the heat transfer occur. Whenever there is a temperature difference, heat transfer occurs. It may occur rapidly, such as through a cooking pan, or slowly, such as through the walls of a picnic ice box. So many processes involve heat transfer that it is hard to imagine a situation where no heat transfer occurs. Yet, every heat transfer takes place by only three methods: conduction, convection, and radiation.
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Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II01:20

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In convection, thermal energy is carried by the large-scale flow of matter. Ocean currents and large-scale atmospheric circulation, which result from the buoyancy of warm air and water, transfer hot air from the tropics toward the poles and cold air from the poles toward the tropics. The Earth’s rotation interacts with those flows, causing the observed eastward flow of air in the temperate zones. Convection dominates heat transfer by air, and the amount of available space for the airflow...
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Heat transfer between the human body and its environment occurs through four main mechanisms: conduction, convection, radiation, and evaporation.
Conduction, accounting for approximately 3% of body heat loss at rest, is the process of exchanging heat between molecules of two materials in direct contact. This can result in both heat loss and gain. For instance, when the body is submerged in water, which conducts heat 20 times more effectively than air, it can either lose or gain significant...
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Mechanism of heat transfer01:19

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Understanding heat transfer mechanisms is essential for understanding how our bodies maintain balance in different environmental conditions. When the environment is thermoneutral, the body is in a state of balance, neither using nor releasing energy to maintain its core temperature. However, when the environment is not thermoneutral, the body employs four heat transfer mechanisms to maintain homeostasis: conduction, convection, evaporation, and radiation. These mechanisms facilitate heat...
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The rate of heat transfer by emitted radiation is described by the Stefan-Boltzmann law of radiation:
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The number of independent ways a gas molecule can move along straight line, rotate, and vibrate is called its degrees of freedom. Supposing d represents the number of degrees of freedom of an ideal gas, the molar heat capacity at constant volume of an ideal gas in terms of d is
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对于近场辐射热传输的α-,β-和γ-GeSe单层的性能:一个ab initio研究.

André Gusso1, Francisco Sánchez-Ochoa2, Raúl Esquivel-Sirvent2

  • 1Departamento de Ciências Exatas-EEIMVR, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Volta Redonda 27255-125, Brazil.

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三个阶段的二维二氧化 (GeSe) 半导体在近场辐射传热 (NFRHT) 应用中表现相似. 这表明其他材料属性,而不仅仅是光学异构性,是优化NFRHT设备的关键.

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科学领域:

  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
  • 凝聚物质物理学 凝聚物质物理学
  • 纳米技术 纳米技术

背景情况:

  • 像德化 (GeSe) 这样的二维 (2D) 材料对近场辐射热传递 (NFRHT) 是有前途的.
  • 存在三种单层GeSe的多态 (α,β,γ),具有NFRHT应用的潜力.
  • 之前的研究分别研究了α和β阶段,没有直接比较这三个阶段.

研究的目的:

  • 系统地比较单层GeSe的α,β和γ相的NFRHT性能.
  • 调查光导率和电子有效质量对NFRHT的影响.
  • 为了确定是否高度异性质的材料提供优越的热传输与较少异性质的相比.

主要方法:

  • 密度函数理论 (DFT) 对物理参数的计算.
  • 计算每个阶段的有效电子质量和光导率.
  • 模拟假设n-doped单层来增强NFRHT的热量流.

主要成果:

  • 这三种GeSe多态 (α,β,γ) 都对NFRHT具有可比的最大热流量.
  • 光导率在各个阶段都有显著的变化,从同otropic到高度 anisotropic.
  • 这些结果挑战了高异构性与增强的NFRHT直接相关的预期.

结论:

  • 单层GeSe多态提供类似的NFRHT性能,尽管不同的光学特性.
  • 超出光学异质的材料特性,如高压等离子体-极性子,对于优化NFRHT至关重要.
  • 这项研究强调了NFRHT的复杂性和对材料选择的整体方法的需求.