ADHD儿童对DRM任务上的记忆错误产生的易感性
Pierre Martin1,2,3, Mario Speranza4,5, Fabienne Colombel1
1Laboratoire de Psychologie Des Pays de la Loire (LPPL - EA 4638), Nantes Université, Nantes, France.
The British journal of developmental psychology
|December 1, 2025
概括
与同龄人相比,注意力缺陷/多动症 (ADHD) 儿童的虚假记忆增加. 在ADHD中受损的抑制可能会导致这种易感性,影响记忆的准确性.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 儿童心理学 儿童心理学
背景情况:
- 注意缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 是一种影响执行功能的神经发育障碍.
- 虚假记忆,或回忆未被呈现的信息,是一种已知的认知现象.
- 了解ADHD的记忆差异对于教育和治疗干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较ADHD儿童的虚假记忆产生与典型发育的儿童.
- 探索执行功能之间的关系,特别是抑制,在ADHD中的虚假记忆易感性.
- 在假记忆的既定理论中解释发现.
主要方法:
- 使用Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) 任务来评估自由回忆,错误回忆 (关键诱惑) 和入侵.
- 进行智力和执行功能测试,包括韦克斯勒智力量表和NEPSY-II抑制子测试.
- 包括28名患有ADHD的儿童和27名典型发育的儿童,评估反应信心.
主要成果:
- 与对照人群相比,ADHD儿童的正确回忆率较低,虚假记忆率更高.
- 抑制任务的较低得分与ADHD儿童的虚假记忆率增加有显著的相关性.
- 两组人都表现出对正确回忆的信心比对虚假记忆的信心更高.
结论:
- 患有多动症儿童的抑制缺陷可能会损害源监测,增加对虚假记忆的易感性.
- 这些发现支持基于激活的虚假记忆形成理论.
- 这项研究突出了ADHD儿童的特定记忆脆弱性.
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