强大的抗体和T细胞反应在长期COVID患者中纵向跟踪
Marina Metaxaki1, Ranjana Ram1, Marianne Perera2
1Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology & Infectious Disease (CITIID), Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK.
The Journal of general virology
|December 1, 2025
概括
这项研究没有发现长期COVID患者免疫功能下降的证据. 免疫反应,包括抗体水平和细胞因子生产,在SARS-CoV-2感染后保持稳定.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 病毒学 病毒学
背景情况:
- 长期COVID,或COVID-19的后急性后续,在SARS-CoV-2感染后呈现持续症状.
- 长期COVID的潜在分子原因尚不清楚.
- 免疫功能受损,包括炎症和免疫缺陷,是假设的贡献者.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究长期COVID患者的免疫功能标志物.
- 评估血清抗体水平,中和能力和对抗SARS-CoV-2的细胞因子 (IFN-γ,IL-2) 的产生.
- 为了比较正在进行的长期COVID患者,恢复的长期COVID患者和恢复的急性COVID-19患者之间的免疫反应.
主要方法:
- 追溯队列研究的设计.
- 测量血清抗体水平和对SARS-CoV-2的中和能力.
- 作为对病毒的反应,对干扰素 (IFN-γ) 和干扰素-2 (IL-2) 生产的量化.
主要成果:
- 血清抗体水平随着时间的推移而增加,与疫苗接种和再感染相关.
- 患者表现出SARS-CoV-2特异性IL-2反应的增加和稳定的IFN-γ反应.
- 在长期COVID,恢复长期COVID和恢复急性COVID-19组中没有发现测量免疫反应的显著差异.
结论:
- 该研究发现,在SARS-CoV-2感染后,抗体水平或特定细胞因子反应方面没有免疫功能减弱的迹象.
- 观察到的免疫反应在持续长期COVID的患者,长期COVID的康复者和急性COVID-19的康复者之间是可比的.
- 这些发现为未来对长期COVID病因学的研究提供了基础.
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