儿科医学的新篇章:大型语言模型的技术演变,应用和评估系统
Siyu Zhu1, Yue Xie1, Yongyu Tang2
1Department of Pulmonology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200062, China.
European journal of pediatrics
|December 1, 2025
概括
大型语言模型 (LLM) 在儿科中显示出改善诊断和治疗的前景. 本综述涵盖了LLM的进展,儿科应用以及安全整合的未来方向.
科学领域:
- 人工智能在医学中的应用
- 自然语言处理自然语言处理.
- 儿科医疗保健技术 儿童医疗保健技术
背景情况:
- 大型语言模型 (LLM) 在医学中越来越多地用于诸如文本生成,临床文档和知识检索等任务.
- 与成人医学相比,对LLM的儿科应用的系统审查仍然较少.
研究的目的:
- 在儿科背景下提供大语言模型 (LLM) 开发,临床实施和评估的综合概述.
- 确定儿科的独特挑战,如年龄相关的变化和以家庭为中心的护理的必要性.
- 为未来儿童特定的LLM基准提出设计原则.
主要方法:
- 审查LLM技术的最新进展,包括通用模型,医疗专用模型和多式联络架构.
- 探索儿科环境中的实际应用,例如剂量计算和自动化医疗记录结构.
- 检查评估指标,道德和法律方面的挑战,以及对多语言和低资源环境的考虑.
主要成果:
- 通过智能患者沟通和个性化支持,LLM有可能提高儿科的诊断和治疗效率和安全性.
- 特定的儿科应用包括剂量计算,子专业特定的临床决策支持和自动化医疗记录结构.
- 审查强调需要解决独特的儿科挑战,包括年龄相关的变化和以家庭为中心的护理要求.
结论:
- 跨学科合作对于安全和公平地将LLM纳入儿科医疗实践至关重要.
- 未来的研究应该专注于制定儿童特定的LLM基准,并解决道德和实际考虑.
- 通过创新的技术解决方案,LLM为推进儿科医疗保健提供了一个有希望的途径.
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