淋巴状B细胞对HIV-1进行上调ex vivo,并与其体内表达有关
Matthew T Ollerton1, Joy M Folkvord1, Veronica Bush2
1Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America.
PLoS pathogens
|December 1, 2025
概括
淋巴组织中的B细胞在CD4+T细胞中促进HIV的表达. 这种取决于细胞接触和MHC-II的相互作用在桃体模型中观察到,并且与艾滋病毒感染者感染艾滋病毒的表达有关.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
背景情况:
- B细胞毛囊是未经治疗的个体HIV表达的关键部位.
- B细胞在 CD4+ T 细胞中促进 HIV 表达的作用尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查淋巴状B细胞是否增强了CD4+T细胞中的HIV表达.
- 确定HIV表达的机制和位置,与二级淋巴细胞组织中的B细胞相关.
主要方法:
- 利用人类桃体扩展模型与流动细胞计量来评估B细胞介导的CD4+T细胞中的HIV表达.
- 在HIV治疗和没有治疗的个体的淋巴结部分上使用in situ杂交和免疫光染色.
- 分析了淋巴结中的HIVRNA表达细胞和B细胞之间的空间关系.
主要成果:
- 生殖中心B细胞在毛囊辅助CD4+T细胞 (TFH) 中以接触和MHC-II依赖的方式诱导HIV的表达.
- 非原始B细胞还诱导了非TFH CD4+ T细胞中的HIV表达,这些细胞受到MHC-II.II的限制.
- 在艾滋病毒感染者 (PLWH) 中,大多数艾滋病毒RNA表达细胞与B细胞相邻,B细胞毛囊的频率更高.
- 在接受抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART) 的PLWH中,HIV表达主要在毛囊外发现,与毛囊外B细胞相邻.
结论:
- B细胞通过同源相互作用对CD4+T细胞的HIV表达进行上调.
- 乙细胞与二级淋巴组织中的HIV表达部位密切相关.
- 与B细胞相对的HIV表达的空间分布在治疗和未治疗的PLWH之间有所不同.
相关概念视频
01:24B Cell Activation and Differentiation
15.8K
The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
15.8K
01:26Size and Structure of Viral Genomes
626
Viral genomes exhibit remarkable diversity in size, structure, and composition, influencing their replication strategies and interactions with host cells. These genomes consist of either DNA or RNA and may be linear or circular. Additionally, they can be single-stranded or double-stranded, with each configuration affecting how the virus propagates within a host. RNA viruses, for instance, generally have smaller genomes than DNA viruses, a factor that contributes to their high mutation rates and...
626
01:29Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens
1.7K
The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
1.7K
01:23Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response
8.4K
The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
8.4K