在阿根廷,基于WhatsApp的糖尿病预防和护理干预:实施和过程评估
Analia Nejamis1, Laura Gutierrez1, María Victoria López1
1Department of Research in Chronic Diseases, Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
JMIR formative research
|December 1, 2025
概括
在阿根廷,一个基于WhatsApp的干预有效地支持了公共卫生机构中的糖尿病患者,危险人群和孕妇的糖尿病自我护理. 该计划展示了可行性和良好的接待,特别是对于糖尿病患者.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 数字健康数字健康
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
背景情况:
- 阿根廷的糖尿病患病率很高 (2024年为14%),这对公共卫生构成了重大挑战.
- 一个糖尿病预防和护理计划利用了基于WhatsApp的干预,在三个省的低收入地区进行了干预.
- 该干预针对糖尿病患者,风险人群和孕妇,以促进自我护理和健康行为.
研究的目的:
- 描述阿根廷公共卫生系统内基于WhatsApp的干预措施的实施和过程评估.
- 分析使用卡罗尔实施忠实性框架的挑战,战略和经验教训.
- 评估干预在三个不同的目标人群中的有效性.
主要方法:
- 在阿根廷的40个初级保健中心实施.
- 包括患有2型糖尿病的成年人,有风险的个人 (芬兰糖尿病风险评分) 和孕妇.
- 通过WhatsApp商业API提供192个定制的教育和提醒信息,并进行忠实性评估.
主要成果:
- 报名人数高 (11,029名参与者),其中90.5%拥有有效的电话号码.
- 选择率各不相同:糖尿病患者的74.3%,高危人群的62.1%,整体67.3%.
- 消息坚持度高 (88.7%收到最小的消息) 和阅读率高 (82.2%),总体中断率低 (6.1%).
结论:
- 在公共初级保健中,WhatsApp干预证明是可行的,并得到了很好的欢迎,特别是糖尿病患者.
- 这项研究强调了WhatsApp在提高医疗保健服务的潜力,在资源较少的环境中提供医疗服务.
- 建议包括改善电子健康记录的整合,内容定制和数字化包容战略.
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